试析建国前后共产党接管城市及对国有资产企业的管理  

Analysis on the Thoughts of Taking over Cities,Confiscating Bureaucrat Capital and Operating National Enterprises by the Chiese Communist Party during Early Period of Founding PRC

作　　者：李占才[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学法政学院,上海200092

出　　处：《历史教学（下半月）》2008年第9期5-10,共6页History Teaching

摘　　要：随着中国人民解放战争的推进,共产党接管城市、没收官僚资本的政策和各项措施走向成熟。最突出的主张就是反对并制止对城市和官僚资本企业的破坏和肢解,实行"原封原样,原封不动"的接管方式。官僚资本一般集中在城市,没收之后属于国有企业,共产党对其一般都实行了"国营"。共产党对所接管的旧企业,进行民主改革;在管理体制上一些共产党人主张实行厂长负责制,毛泽东则强调集体领导;在经营方面共产党人主张实行经济核算制,强调增产节约、降低成本、提高劳动生产率。本文对建国前后共产党接管城市、没收官僚资本及经营管理国有企业的政策措施进行了梳理、分析和历史反思。With the propulsion of the Liberation War along with the Chinese people,the thoughts of taking over cities and confiscating bureaucrat capital of the Chinese Communist Party had been mature.One of the most outstanding thoughts is to prohibit from destroying cities and bureaucrat capital enterprises and carry out the policy of 'keeping the former state'.The Chinese Communist Party put the bureaucrat capital into 'national management',which always centralized in the cities and belonged to the nation-owned enterprises after being taken over.As to those old enterprises which had been taken over,the Chinese Communist Party took democratic reforms.On the management,the Chinese Communist Party carried out the factory director responsibility system collective lead systom structure Mao Zedong emphasizing;On the management,it put economic audit system into practice,which emphasizod increasing production and economy,reducing costs and improving productivity.This essay analyzes the thoughts of taking over cities,confiscating bureaucrat capital,operating national enterprises by the Chinese Communist Party during the period of founding the PRC.

关 键 词：接管城市 没收官僚资本 国营企业 经营管理 

分 类 号：K27[历史地理—历史学]