A common sense geographic knowledge base for GIR  

作　　者：ZHANG Yi,GAO Yong,XUE LuLu,SHEN Si & CHEN KaiChen Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China 

出　　处：《Science China(Technological Sciences)》2008年第S1期26-37,共12页中国科学（技术科学英文版）

基　　金：the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40701134);the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007AA12Z216)

摘　　要：As background knowledge of geographic information retrieval (GIR),the gazetteers have their limitations. In this paper we propose to develop and implement a com-mon sense geographic knowledge base (CSGKB) instead of the gazetteers. We define that CSGKB is concerned with the representation of geographic knowledge in human brain and the simulation of geographic reasoning in daily life. Traditional geographic information system (GIS) is based on the model of map with its data based on geographic coordinates and its computation based on geometry. However,CSGKB,which is made up of geographic features and relationships and is based on qualitative spatio-temporal reasoning,can be viewed as the direct model of geographic world. This paper also discusses the characters of CSGKB and pre-sents its structure which is composed of knowledge base,inference engine,geo-graphic ontology and learner. The applications using CSGKB include geographic information retrieval (GIR),natural language processing (NLP),named entity rec-ognition (NER),Semantic Web,etc. At present,our work focuses on the design of geographic ontology and the implementation of the CSGKB knowledge base. In this paper we describe the CSGKB ontology structure,top ontology,geographic loca-tion ontology,spatial relationship ontology,and domain ontologies. Finally,we in-troduce the current state of implementation of CSGKB and give an outlook on our future researches.As background knowledge of geographic information retrieval (GIR),the gazetteers have their limitations. In this paper we propose to develop and implement a com-mon sense geographic knowledge base (CSGKB) instead of the gazetteers. We define that CSGKB is concerned with the representation of geographic knowledge in human brain and the simulation of geographic reasoning in daily life. Traditional geographic information system (GIS) is based on the model of map with its data based on geographic coordinates and its computation based on geometry. However,CSGKB,which is made up of geographic features and relationships and is based on qualitative spatio-temporal reasoning,can be viewed as the direct model of geographic world. This paper also discusses the characters of CSGKB and pre-sents its structure which is composed of knowledge base,inference engine,geo-graphic ontology and learner. The applications using CSGKB include geographic information retrieval (GIR),natural language processing (NLP),named entity rec-ognition (NER),Semantic Web,etc. At present,our work focuses on the design of geographic ontology and the implementation of the CSGKB knowledge base. In this paper we describe the CSGKB ontology structure,top ontology,geographic loca-tion ontology,spatial relationship ontology,and domain ontologies. Finally,we in-troduce the current state of implementation of CSGKB and give an outlook on our future researches.

关 键 词：GEOGRAPHIC information RETRIEVAL COMMON SENSE GEOGRAPHIC knowledge base GEOGRAPHIC ONTOLOGY 

分 类 号：TP182[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]