光周期调控对温室松果菊生长发育特性的影响  

Effects of photoperiod regulation on growth and development characteristics of Echinacea purpurea in greenhouse

作　　者：徐祖明[1] 马芳芳[1] 王琴[1] 刘宏亮[1] 石义岗 甘林叶[1] 李程[1] 胡惠蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2008年第S2期39-43,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金："十一五"国家支撑计划"园艺作物安全高效生产关键技术研究与示范"(2006BAD07B05);华中农业大学博士科研启动费项目(52204-07025)

摘　　要：为了实现对松果菊"白天鹅"始花期与开花品质的光周期调控,该研究探讨了长日照和短日照条件对其生长进程的影响,以及对其始花期及始花期时株高、株幅、真叶数、花径的影响;探讨了自然光照条件下花芽分化时期与出苗周数、株高、株幅、真叶数之间的相关性。结果分析表明:(1)两种光周期下,"白天鹅"的株高、株幅和真叶数先后表现出显著差异,显示对光周期具有不同程度的敏感性;(2)根据始花期判断,"白天鹅"为量性短日照植物;(3)"白天鹅"在短日照条件下开花时株型矮小,花径也较小;(4)"白天鹅"的花芽分化包括8个时期;(5)"白天鹅"的出苗周数、株高、真叶数、株幅与花芽分化时期间均存在极显著的相关性;(6)以花芽分化时期作为开花调节的定量参考,将"白天鹅"栽培在短日照条件下,至株高为9cm、真叶数为8、株幅为16cm时进行长日照诱导,则开花快,开花品质高。In order to realize the photoperiod regulation of flower time and flower quality of Echinacea purpurea'White Swan',the effects of long day and short day on the flower time and flower quality including plant height,crown diameter,true leaf number,and flower diameter at the first flowering time were studied.The correlation between growing weeks,plant height,crown diameter,leaf number of'White Swan'and flower bud differentiation period was also discussed.The results are as follows:(1)The plant height,crown diameter and leaf number of'White Sawn' appeared significant difference in different time under two photoperiods.It is indicated that they are sensitivity to photoperiod in different extents.(2)According to first flowering time,it is concluded that'White Swan'is a facultative short day plant.(3)Under the short days,'White Swan'is shorter,and flower diameter is smaller when flowering.(4) The flower bud differentiation period of'White Swan'could be divided into eight stages.(5)Significant correlation exists between growing weeks,height,leaf number,and crown diameter of'White Swan'and flower bud differentiation period.(6)According to flower bud differentiation,the best treatment is that'White Swan'is cultivated under the condition of short day until the plant height is 9cm,leaf number is 8,and crown diameter is 16 cm,and then induced by long day.Under the conditions,'White Swan'can bloom early and the flower quality is good.

关 键 词：松果菊 光周期 调控 温室 花芽分化 开花调节 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]