不同温度处理对嫁接黄瓜幼苗生理特性的影响  

Effects of different temperatures on the physiological characteristics of grafted cucumber seedlings

作　　者：韩晓燕[1] 别之龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院/园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2008年第S2期219-224,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD11A10-012);湖北省科技攻关项目(2003AA201C30)资助

摘　　要：以"黑籽南瓜"作砧木,"津春2号"黄瓜作接穗,采用断根嫁接、插接、劈接3种嫁接方法,以"津春2号"自根苗为对照,研究了低温(5～10℃)、高温(35～40℃)、常温(20～25℃)3种温度处理对黄瓜幼苗生理特性的影响。结果表明,与常温处理相比,低温和高温胁迫下黄瓜自根苗和嫁接苗均受到不同程度的伤害,低温胁迫下嫁接苗受到的伤害显著低于自根苗,其中断根嫁接表现最好;高温胁迫下嫁接苗受伤害程度高于自根苗,3种嫁接处理中断根嫁接处理伤害较轻。在低温和高温胁迫下,受伤害较轻的材料叶片中含有更多的Pro和可溶性糖,以及较高的POD、SOD活性。在解除温度胁迫处理7天后,低温处理材料恢复情况好于高温处理材料,嫁接苗恢复比自根苗好。表明以"黑籽南瓜"嫁接,黄瓜幼苗耐低温能力增强,但耐高温能力减弱,采用断根嫁接处理后黄瓜幼苗的根系活力强,叶片中渗透调节物质较多,POD、SOD活性较高,抵御温度胁迫的能力更强。The effects of different temperatures(day/night temperature,low temperature 5～10℃;CK,20～25℃;high temperature,35～40℃)on the physiological characteristics of grafted cucumber seedlings were investigated,'Jinchun No.2'was used as scion,'Figleaf gourd'(Cucurbita ficifolia)was used as rootstock,and the grafting method were'cheft','tongue',and'tongue with root cut',respectively.Compared with the control temperature(25℃/20℃), the results showed that the grafted and self-rooted cucumber seedlings were both injured under low and high temperature stress,but the injured index of the grafted cucumber seedlings was significantly lower than that of self-rooted under low temperature treatment,whereas the injured indexes of grafted seedlings under high temperature treatment are significantly higher than those of self-rooted seedlings,and the grafted seedlings with'tongue with root cut'method performed best among the three grafted methods.The leaves of seedlings under low and high temperature treatments contained more contents of proline and soluble sugar,higher SOD and POD activities than those of controls.Meanwhile, the seedlings of low temperature treated and grafted had a better performance than high temperature treated and self-rooted ones seven days after recovery period,respectively.Therefore,it was concluded that(1)'Figleaf gourd'is a proper rootstock for cucumber to improve the chilling resistance,but is not suitable for the higher temperature treatment; (2)The'tongue with root cut'grafting method could improve the adaptability of cucumber seedlings to temperature treatment by increasing root activity and containing higher POD and SOD activities.

关 键 词：黄瓜 嫁接 温度胁迫 生理特性 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]