北京雾灵山植物群落结构及物种多样性特征  

Structural characteristics of plant communities and species diversity in Wuling Mountain,Beijing

作　　者：岳永杰[1,2] 余新晓[1] 牛丽丽[1] 孙庆艳[1] 李金海[3] 武军[3] 

机构地区：[1]水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京林业大学水土保持学院 [2]内蒙古农业大学林学院 [3]北京市园林绿化局防沙治沙办公室

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2008年第S2期165-170,共6页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：北京市科委重大项目(D0706001000091);“十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD03A02)

摘　　要：以雾灵山固定标准地群落调查数据为基础,分析比较了不同植物群落的结构特征及乔灌草各层的物种多样性。结果表明:①不同植物群落高位芽植物种类最多,地下芽植物种类次之,地上芽植物、地面芽植物和1年生草本植物缺乏。②植物群落乔木层层片结构差异明显,天然次生林层片结构复杂,以落叶阔叶中高位芽层片和小高位芽层片为优势层片;华北落叶松人工林以落叶针叶大高位芽层片为单优层片,层次结构简单。③雾灵山植物群落物种组成较丰富,在群落梯度上,总体物种丰富度指数大小顺序为群落Ⅰ>群落Ⅲ>群落Ⅱ。④天然次生林群落的物种多样性指数变化规律一致,均为草本层>乔木层>灌木层;华北落叶松人工林的物种多样性指数变化规律为草本层>灌木层>乔木层。⑤天然次生林的草本层物种均匀度指数最大,乔木层次之,灌木层的物种均匀度指数最小;华北落叶松人工林不同生长型的物种均匀度指数没有明显的规律。Based on the standard sites in Wuling Mountain,Beijing,the authors analyzed the structural characteristics and the species diversity of different populations.Results showed that phanerophytes were the most,followed by geophytes.Chamaephytes,hemicryptophytes and the first-year herbaceous plants lacked.In plant community,tree-structure differences were significant,while the layers of natural secondary forest were complex.In deciduous broad-leaved forest,the structure of mesophanerophyte and microphanerophyte was the dominant layer,megaphanerophyte of deciduous needles in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation was a single layer,and the hierarchical structure was simple.The species composition of plant community in Wuling Mountain was very rich.The order of species index richness was that community I>community III>community II.The index change of species diversity in natural secondary forest community was the same,that is,herbaceous layer> tree layer> shrub layer.The index change of species diversity in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation was herbaceous layer> shrub layer> tree layer;Species evenness index of herbaceous layer in the natural secondary forest was the greatest,arbor layer was smaller and shrub layer was the smallest.Species evenness index of different growth types in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation had no obvious regularity.

关 键 词：植物群落 生活型 物种多样性 雾灵山 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]