全球定位系统在唐山市高压输电线路勘测工程中的应用  

Application of global positioning system in surveying project of high voltage transmission line in Tangshan City,Hebei Province,north China.

作　　者：蔡华利[1,2] 罗旭[3] 冯仲科[1,2] 隋宏大[1,2] 聂敏莉[1,2] 闫秀婧[1,2,4] 董斌[1,2,5] 王佳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室 [2]北京林业大学测绘与3S技术中心 [3]中国计量科学研究院长度处 [4]甘肃林业职业技术学院 [5]安徽农业大学理学院

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2008年第S1期168-172,共5页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：农业科技成果转化资金项目(05EFN217100428)

摘　　要：该文阐述了静态全球定位系统(GPS)在唐山市高压输电线路勘测中的应用,重点讨论了线路勘测中静态控制网的布设方案、外业工作及精度分析,对数据进行联合解算,并进行讨论、分析和对比,提出提高数据精度的外业和内业措施。其中在静态控制网布设方案中,充分考虑到联通移动信号塔、大面积水域和高楼以及高大树木对GPS卫星信号的影响;在具体的外业实施中,为保证GPS信号的强度,一般将基站架设在地势比较高的地方,例如楼顶、高山上、开阔地等。为保证数据的精度,采取一系列内业和外业措施控制误差在允许的范围内。GPS测量的外业施测的谨慎和周密是保证数据精度的前提,而内业数据处理则是对数据精度的最后一次检验和校正。对于不能到实地进行观测的数据则进行偏心测量,该文给出了偏心测量的模型以及影响偏心测量精度的因素。This paper presents an application of static GPS in the surveying of high voltage transmission line in Tangshan City,and focuses on the design of static control network in line survey,field operation and accuracy analysis.Through data union calculation and analysis,measures to improve data accuracy of interior and field survey were proposed.For example,in the design of static control network,the impact of Nnicom Mobile signal towers,a large area of water,high buildings and tall trees to GPS satellite signal should be considered.To ensure a strong GPS signal,base stations are generally set up in high elevation areas,such as on top of buildings,mountains and open land.To ensure the accuracy of data,a series of measures are taken to control errors in a permitted scale.A careful and thoughtful field survey of GPS is a precondition to ensure data accuracy,and the data process is the final test to check data accuracy.For the data that cannot be obtained in field survey,an eccentric observation is carried out.A model and factors affecting eccentric observation on accuracy are presented.

关 键 词：GPS 基站 精度 控制网 

分 类 号：P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]