大庆北二十里泡湿地沉积物重金属污染物吸附与释放的研究  

Adsorption and release of heavy metal pollution in sediments of Beiershili pool wetland in Daqing,northeastern China.

作　　者：张思冲[1] 叶华香[1] 张敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学生命与环境科学学院

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2008年第S1期287-291,共5页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40271044);哈尔滨师范大学骨干教师基金项目(KJ2006-01)

摘　　要：大庆现代湿地从第四纪晚期开始发育,已延续了几千年。湿地底泥是水体的重要组成部分,底泥的污染状况及迁移转化是全面衡量水环境质量状况的重要因素。该文采用室内模拟实验的方法,研究了大庆北二十里泡湿地沉积物样品中重金属(镉、铅、铜和锌)的含量,以及在主要环境因子(温度、pH值)改变时,沉积物对重金属的吸附与释放特性。研究结果表明,样品中的重金属含量均高于该区域土壤环境背景值。沉积物对重金属的吸附量随pH的升高其吸附量增加,当pH大于7时,吸附量明显增加。沉积物中重金属释放主要发生在酸性(pH<4)区,且随着pH的升高而迅速降低,其释放顺序大致为Zn>Cu≥Pb>Cd。温度对重金属吸附与释放的影响不大,在温度较低时,随着温度的升高,重金属的吸附量增加,当到达一定温度时,随着温度的升高,吸附量降低;沉积物重金属的释放随着温度的升高,释放量增加。The modern wetlands in Daqing,northeastern China have been developed since the later Quaternary Period,and lasted several thousand years already.Wetland sediment is an important component of water body, and its contaminated status and conversion are significant elements in judging water environmental quality.The study adopts the method of indoor experiments to study the contents of heavy metals (Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn) in the sediment samples of Beiershili pool wetland in Daqing and the characteristics of adsorption and release of the heavy metals when environmental elements such as temperature and pH were changed.Results show that the content of heavy metals in the samples was higher than that in the background soil of the area.The amount of adsorption of the heavy metals became higher with the increase of pH.When pH was higher than 7,the amount of adsorption increased significantly.The release of heavy metals mainly occured in the acidic area, where pH was lower than 4.When pH turned higher,the amount of release became lower immediately.The order of the release was Zn>Cu≥Pb>Cd approximately.The results also indicate that temperature had no significant impact on the adsorption and release of the heavy metals in sediment.The amount of adsorption of the heavy metals became higher with the increase of temperature when the temperature was low.The amount of adsorption became lower with the increase of temperature when the temperature reached a certain point.The amount of release of the heavy metal became higher with the increase of temperature.

关 键 词：沉积物 重金属 吸附 释放 

分 类 号：X50[环境科学与工程—环境工程]