军事飞行人员心理承受力与心理健康状况的研究  

Study on the psychological capability and mental health of military flying personnel

作　　者：肖支仁[1] 王煜蕙[1] 刘玉华[1] 戚菲[1] 冯琦[1] 杜长伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军大连航空医学鉴定训练中心,大连116013

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2011年第3期172-177,共6页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨军事飞行人员心理承受力与心理健康的状况及其相关影响因素，为科学设置航空心理训练项目提供依据。方法采用军人心理承受力量表和军人心理疾病预测自评量表对482名现役空、地勤人员进行测评，包括研究组飞行人员242人，对照组地勤人员240人。并对采集的量表数据通过方差分析、t检验、相关分析及回归分析进行统计。对飞行人员组心理健康状况与空军常模进行比较。结果飞行人员组心理承受力较好且总均分高于地勤对照组（t=11。69，P〈O．01），但人际交往和家庭支持因子分低于地勤对照组（t=2．87、-3．54，P〈0．01）；飞行人员组与军人心理疾病预测自评量表空军常模比较，心理健康总分均值低于常模，差异有统计学意义（t=2．09，P〈O．05），显示受测飞行人员组总体心理健康状况较好。飞行人员心理承受力总分与心理健康总分相关性显著（r=-0．21，P〈0．01），提示心理承受力是心理健康的一个重要的影响变量。年龄和是否为独生子女对心理承受力的交互作用有统计学意义（F=1．80，P＜0．01）。从回归分析结果可见，心理承受力对心理健康有显著的预测作用（β=0．137，P〈0．01，R^2=14．7％）。结论心理承受力是影响飞行人员心理健康水平的重要中介因素，需在航空心理训练中依据年龄等不同因素设置项目加以训练，旨在通过增强飞行人员的心理承受力，不断提升飞行人员群体的心理健康水平。Objective To investigate the psychological capability and mental health status ofmilitary flying personnel and related factors and to provide aviation mental training with scientific references. Methods By using military psychological capability scale and the mental health rating prediction scale, 482 aircrews and ground crews were evaluated. They were divided into flying personnel group （n= 242） and control group （n =240）. The analysis of variance, correlation and regression were carried out. Results Flying personnel group showed higher total average score on psychological capability than that of control group （t=11.69, P〈0.01）, but on interpersonal relation （t=-2.87, P〈0.01） and family support factors （t=-3.54, P〈0.01）. Flying personnel group had significant higher total average score on mental health than that of the Air Force＇s norm that defined in the mental health prediction scale for military personnel （t=- 2.09, P〈%0.05） and it indicated good mental health status of flying personnel group. The total psychological capability score of flying personnel group was positively related with the degree of mental health （r = -0.21, P〈0.01）, which revealed the psychological capability was an important variable in assessing mental health. Analysis also showed that the factors, such as age and if the only child in family, significantly influenced the interaction of psychological capability （F = 1. 80, P 〈 0.01）. Regression analysis indicated that the psychological capability would well predict people＇s mental health status （β=0. 137,P〈0.01, R^2 ： 14.7 %）. Conclusions Psychological capability is the important intermediary factor to influence flying personnel＇s psychological ihealth level It is suggested that the aviation psychological training should equip with the item according to age and other factors in order to enhance flying personnel＇s psychological capability and then to improve their mental health level.

关 键 词：心理学试验 精神能力 健康调查 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R853.3[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]