季风影响下的青藏高原上空甲烷、水汽及云的变化  

Variation of Methane,Water Vapor and Clouds over Tibetan PlateauUnder the Impact of Asian Summer Monsoon

作　　者：熊效振 张莹[3] 陈良富[3] 占瑞芬[4] 李建平[5] 

机构地区：[1]Riverside Technology Inc. [2]NOAA/NESDIS/STAR [3]中国科学院遥感应用研究所遥感科学国家重点实验室,北京100101 [4]中国气象局上海台风研究所,上海200030 [5]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《成都信息工程学院学报》2011年第5期480-485,共6页Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology

摘　　要：为进一步了解季风对于水汽及其它大气成分的输送作用,利用美国Aqua卫星上AIRS反演的甲烷(CH4)和MODIS反演的水汽、云高和云量等卫星观测资料,分析了2003至2010年中国青藏高原上空CH4、水汽和云在季风期间的变化及其与季风指数的关系。研究发现:夏季(6月至9月)高原上空水汽、云量和云顶高度的变化与季风指数有很好的相关;在强对流影响下,输送到高原上空的水汽增多,引起云量增多,云顶高度增加,而向上输送的甲烷引起高原上空CH4浓度增加,并在青藏高压强大的反气旋的阻塞下CH4不断积累,在季风期的后半程维持一个高值,但最大值出现在8月底至9月初,比季风指数的峰值晚近一个月。随着季风减退和青藏高压的消失,甲烷的高值快速消失。由此可见,夏季青藏高原的强对流输送无疑是甲烷高值形成的主要动力机制之一。CH4作为一种长寿命的温室气体,有潜力作为一种示踪气体来帮助研究季风和季风期间高原上空强大的反气旋动力机制的变化。In order to understand the impact of Monsoon to the transport of water vapor and trace gases, an analysis of the relationship between mid-uppertroposhheric methane （CH4）, water vapor, cloud amounts and cloud top height with the monsoon index was made by using the AIRS CH4 data from 2003 to 2010, and the water vapor and cloud data from MODIS on EOS/Aqua. The results indicated that, during the Asian Summer Monsoon （ASM）, the variations of water vapor, cloud armunts and cloud top heights are closely correlated with the monsoon index. Due to the strong convection over the Tibetan Plateau （TP）, more water vapor is transported to the TP, resulting in more cloud amounts and the elevated cloud top height. Correspondingly, the CH4 transported leads to the increase of the CH4 concentration in the mid-upper trolmsphere and its accu- mulation over the TP under the constraint by the strong Tibetan anticyclone. The cvmurrence of the CH4 maximum is about one month late than Monsoon Index. With the withdrawal of the ASM and the dissipation of anticyclone, the maximum of CI-h disappears rapidly. These results suggested that the strong convection over the TP is one of the major factors controlling the formation of CH4 plume. As a long life trace gas, CH4 has the potential to be used as a tracer to help the study the ASM and the dynamic of anticyclone.

关 键 词：青藏高原 卫星遥感 季风 青藏高压 甲烷 云 水汽 

分 类 号：P425.42[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]