地铁换乘站火灾中烟气控制及疏散研究  

Study on Smoke Control and Evacuation in Fire Scenarios of a Transfer Subway Station

作　　者：李炎锋[1] 杜修力[1] 李俊梅[1] 王鲁鹏[1] 王超[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学城市与工程安全减灾教育部重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《地下空间与工程学报》2011年第3期587-592,共6页Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAJ27B04);国家自然科学基金面上项目(50878012);北京市科技计划项目(Y060506000007022)

摘　　要：利用CFD手段对某"+"字换乘岛式地铁车站的火灾场景进行模拟研究,根据该换乘站的结构特点以及防排烟运行方案,对不同位置(上下层车站、站厅)火源情况的烟气扩散及控制进行分析;根据上下层车站及换乘通道内烟气流动情况,提出对应火灾场景下的人员逃生路线的方案。研究表明:在现有防排烟系统运行方案下,上层车站发生火灾时,烟气不会扩散到下层车站;下层车站发生火灾时,有少量烟气会通过换乘通道扩散到上层车站,但在10min内不会对上层站台的人员造成危害,而换乘通道不宜作为乘客逃生路线。Fire scenarios in a crossing type transfer subway station were studied by computational fluid dynamics（CFD） in this paper.Smoke movement and smoke control in different fire scenarios with different fire locations were analyzed considering the structure configuration of the station and different smoke exhaust scheme.The safe evacuation strategies will be provided based on the smoke temperature and velocity distributions.The numerical results show that under the present operation mode of the smoke control systems,the smoke cannot flow down from the upper level station to the lower level station when the fire occurs at the upper level station platform.Unfortunately,some smoke can spread to the upper level station through the transfer channel if the fire occurs at the lower level station,but it cannot cause any hazard to the passenger at the upper station in 10 minutes.The transfer channel is not suitable to be as the evacuation route.

关 键 词：地铁换乘站 火灾 烟气 数值模拟 疏散 

分 类 号：TU967[建筑科学]