鼻腔通气功能检查在模拟招飞体检中的应用研究  

Study of nasal airflow function examination for pilot recruitment

作　　者：钱进[1] 刘亮[1] 姜丹泉[2] 李厚恩[1] 苗壮[1] 陈东兰[1] 孙建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军总医院全军耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科中心,北京100048 [2]海军总医院海空勤体检中心,北京100048

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2011年第1期18-21,F0003,共5页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探讨鼻腔通气功能检查在招飞体检中的优缺点、客观性,及其应用于招飞体检的可行性.方法 ①抽取18～21岁男青年80名,行鼻腔通气功能检查（包括声反射鼻腔测量及鼻阻力测量）,主要记录鼻阻力（nasal airway resistance,NAR）、鼻腔最小截面积（nasal minimal crosssectional area,NMCA）以及鼻呼吸量比率（nasal partitioning of airflow rate,NPR）3项数据;然后由具有丰富招飞经验的专家对其进行模拟招飞体检（专家在体检前不知道鼻腔通气功能检查的结果）,根据检查结果将受试者分为合格组与鼻中隔偏曲组,比较其NAR、NMCA及NPR.②对鼻中隔偏曲组志愿接受手术治疗的男青年,行内窥镜下鼻中隔矫正术,术后再次行鼻腔通气功能检查及传统鼻镜检查,对比术前术后检测数据是否有统计学差异.结果 80名男青年中,经招飞专家检查鼻中隔偏曲不合格率为35%,合格组与鼻中隔偏曲组之间NAR、NMCA数据对比差异有统计学意义（t=3.524、3.137,P＜0.01）,而NPR对比差异无统计学意义.12名鼻中隔偏曲手术治疗者术后经专家体检均符合招飞标准,其NAR、NMCA数值与术前对比差异有统计学意义（t=3.274、2.976,P＜0.01）,NPR对比无统计学意义.结论 在招飞体检中,鼻腔通气功能检查是一种客观的鼻腔检查方法,与传统体检方法相比更能够通过数据反映问题,为招飞体检提供重要的参考依据.Objective To investigate the advantages, disadvantages and objectivity of applying nasal airway function examination in pilot recruitment, and to verify its fitness with traditional method. Methods （D Eighty young men, aged from 18 to 21 yr, were recruited for nasal airway function examination. Such data as nasal airway resistance （NAR）, nasal minimal cross-section area （NMCA） and nasal partitioning of airflow ratio （NPR） were recorded by nasal respiration measuring apparatus. Then imitating pilot recruitment they were examined by experienced doctors, who didn＇t know apparatus test result, and were divided into qualified group and nasal septum deviation group according to doctors＇ diagnosis. The results of NAR, NMCA and NPR were compared between these 2 examinations. （~） Volunteers in nasal septum deviation group were treated by nasal septal construction in case of they agreed. The postoperative nasal airway function was examined by previous mentioned 2 methods and the results were statistically compared. Results Among 80 volunteers, 35% of them were disqualified according to doctors＇ examination. There were significant differences on NAR and NMCA between 2 groups （t=3. 524, 3. 137, P〈0.01） but on NPR. Twelve operation treated volunteers were finally fulfilled pilot recruitment standard according to doctor＇s examination, and their NAR and NMCA showed statistic difference comparing with those before operation （t = 3. 274,2. 976,P〈0. 01）. Conclusions In pilot recruitment, nasal airway function examination is an objective inspection method. It can provide more valuable quantitation references comparing with tradition examination.

关 键 词：鼻腔 鼻中隔 体格检查 鼻测量 声学 气道阻力 

分 类 号：R765.9[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]