富氧吸入对大鼠模拟急性高原肺水肿的防护作用  

Effects of oxygen enrichment inhalation on protecting rat＇s acute high altitude pulmonary edema

作　　者：张兆瑞[1] 赵宁[2] 何萍萍[2] 肖华军[3] 王桂友[3] 邓昌磊[3] 顾昭[3] 王东[2] 张波[2] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院军医进修学院,北京100083 [2]空军总医院,北京100142 [3]空军航空医学研究所,北京100142

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2011年第1期34-38,F0004,共6页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探讨富氧吸人对大鼠模拟急性高原肺水肿的防护作用.方法 将44只健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为4组,分别为对照组、低压低氧组、连续富氧组、夜间富氧组,每组11只.除对照组外,其余3组均置于模拟6000 m海拔高度的低压舱中48 h.富氧干预48 h后,测定各组大鼠的肺湿干比、肺泡灌洗液（bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF）血清和肺组织匀浆一氧化氮（nitric oxide,NO）含量、一氧化氮合酶（nitric oxide synthase,NOS）及肺组织病理学改变.结果 与对照组相比,低压低氧组大鼠BALF蛋白浓度及肺湿干比显著升高（P＜0.01）、血清及肺组织匀浆中NO 含量、NOS降低（P＜0.01）.病理学显示低压低氧组大鼠有肺泡间隔增宽、间质充血、炎细胞浸润等间质性肺水肿表现.连续富氧及夜间富氧均可降低肺泡灌洗液的蛋白浓度及肺湿干比,提高大鼠血清和肺组织内的NO含量、NOS活性,减轻肺泡间隔增厚、炎细胞浸润及肺泡出血,且连续富氧组与夜间富氧组各项指标差异无统计学意义.结论 富氧吸人可以通过提高体内的NO含量、NOS活性来防护大鼠急进高原肺水肿,夜间富氧与连续富氧防护效果无明显差别.Objective To investigate the protective effects of oxygen enrichment inhalation on preventing acute high altitude pulmonary edema （HAPE） of rats and compare the effects of various oxygen inhalations. Methods Forty-four male Wistar rats were randomly and averagely divided into control, hypoxia, fulltime oxygen enrichment and nocturnal oxygen enrichment groups. Rats with various inhalations were exposed to simulated 6000 m in hypobaric chamber for 48 h except control group..The wet to dry ratio （W/D）, protein concentration of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF）,nitric oxide （NO） content and nitric oxide synthase （NOS） activity in serum and lung homogenate were measured, and lung histological change was determined. Results Comparing with control group, hypoxia group showed significantly increased W/D, BALF protein concentration and decreased NO level and NOS activity （P＜0.01）. Interstitial pulmonary edema, haemorrhage and neutrophil infiltration were found in hypoxia group. W/D and BALF protein concentration both in fulltime oxygen enrichment and nocturnal oxygen enrichment groups were decreased compared with those in hypoxia group （P＜0. 05）, while the level of NO and the activity of NOS were increased （P＜0. 01）.Conclusions Oxygen enrichment inhalation has the protective effects on preventing HAPE by improving NO level and NOS activity. There is no significant different protective effect between fulltime oxygen enrichment and nocturnal oxygen enrichment groups.

关 键 词：高原病 肺水肿 大鼠 Wistar氧吸入疗法 一氧化氮 一氧化氮合酶 

分 类 号：R594.3[医药卫生—内科学]