施用石灰对福建低pH植烟土壤的效应  

Effects of Appling Lime on Low pH Soils for Planting Tobacco in Fujian

作　　者：熊德中[1,2,3,4] 李春英 黄光伟[1,2,3,4] 曾文龙 

机构地区：[1]福建农业大学 [2]福建省烟草公司 [3]龙岩市烟科所 [4]永定县烟草公司

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》1999年第1期28-29,32,共3页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

摘　　要：福建烟区土壤酸度较强，土壤ｐＨ平均值为５．０７。各类土壤ｐＨ平均值的大小顺序为：潮沙田＞紫泥田＞乌泥田＞灰泥田＞黄泥田。每公顷石灰施用量在０～３１５０ｋｇ（土壤ｐＨ从５．５调节至６．８３），可促进土壤中的ＮＨ４－Ｎ转化为ＮＯ３－Ｎ。石灰用量与土壤中交换性铁、铝、有效锰、铜、锌、硼含量呈极显著负相关，与土壤中交换钙呈极显著正相关。酸性土壤施用石灰，使土壤中细菌、放线菌、好气性纤维分解菌、亚硝化细菌数量明显增加，真菌数量显著减少；脲酶、蛋白酶活性明显增强，蔗糖酶活性降低。施用石灰量在１３５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２（ｐＨ从５．０５调节至５．８３）的处理，产值比其他处理的增加１０６．７４～２１６４．２３元／ｈｍ２，上等烟比例提高３．４～８．９个百分点。Soil acidity in tobacco planting area of Fujian Province was strong with mean soil pH value of 5.07. The pH value of various soils were displayed in order: moist sandy field>purple mud field>balck mud field>marl field>yellow mud field. If the amount of lime applied was 0￣3150kg/hm2 (soil pH value was adjusted from 5.05 to 6.83), it would promote the transfer of NH4\|N in soil to NO3\|N. The amount of exchangeable Al, Fe and available Mn, Cu, Zn, B had a highly significant negative correlation and the exchangeable Ca had a highly significant positive correlation with lime rates. Applying lime in the acid soil, the amount of bacterines, actinomyces, aerobic fibre\|decomposition bacterines, nitrite reductase were increased and the amount of fungus were decreased; the activity of urease proteinase were enhanced, and the activity of sucrase was droped. If 1350kg lime/hm2 was applied (soil pH value was adjusted from 5.05 to 5.83), the production value would increase by 106.74￣ 2164.23 RMB/hm2, and

关 键 词：植烟土壤 土壤酸度 石灰 

分 类 号：S572.061[农业科学—烟草工业]