琼州海峡沿岸大风分布规律及影响系统分析  

Analysis on Distribution Pattern of High Wind Events in Qiongzhou Strait Coastal Zones and Its Weather Systems

作　　者：郭冬艳[1,2] 姜涛[3] 陈有龙[1,2] 辛吉武[2] 

机构地区：[1]海南省气象台 [2]南海气象防灾减灾重点实验室 [3]92830部队气象处

出　　处：《气象》2011年第11期1372-1379,共8页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金课题(40765002);海南省重点科技项目(070302)共同资助

摘　　要：利用琼州海峡南北沿岸自动气象站2007年9月至2010年8月风向、风速资料,分析了最大风和极大风两种大风事件标准下的海峡沿岸大风分布规律,并基于大风天气影响系统分析南北沿岸大风的差异。结果表明:琼州海峡南侧沿岸大风事件多于北侧沿岸,其中最大风标准下的大风事件南侧沿岸明显多于北侧沿岸,但极大风标准下的大风事件北侧沿岸则多于南侧沿岸,且极大风风速明显偏大;北侧沿岸两种大风事件及南侧沿岸最大风事件均主要出现在秋冬季节,其中,两侧沿岸最大风事件主要由冷空气影响造成,南侧沿岸极大风事件集中出现在秋季,由冷空气影响造成较少;两岸位于海峡东侧入口沿岸的自动站点出现大风频率最高,风速偏大,两侧入口沿岸站点次之,中间沿岸各站出现大风的频率相对较低;海峡南北沿岸出现的大风风向多为北到东风;东路冷空气比西路冷空气更易造成海峡南北沿岸同步大风,琼州海峡对冷空气湍流强度的消弱作用明显。Based on the data from automatic weather stations in the Qiongzhou Strait northern and southern coasts,the distribution patterns of high wind events in both coastal zones were analyzed.And the difference between them was also analyzed using weather systems.The high wind events are defined into two kinds：sustained winds and gust winds.The results are as follows：In southern coast,the high wind events are more frequent than in northern coast,but the speeds of gust winds are obviously bigger in northern coast than in southern coast.The high wind events in northern coastal zones and the sustained wind events in southern coastal zones mainly happen in autumn and winter but rare in other seasons,and the sustained wind events in both coastal zones mainly occurred by cold air.But the gust wind events in the southern coastal are quite special,which mainly happen in autumn and rarely occurred by cold air.In both coastal zones of the Qiongzhou Strait,the high wind events happen with more frequency and bigger speed on the east entrance than on the west entrance,and with the least in the middle of coastal zones.There exist pronounced phenomena that the northeast high wind was donsinant in both coasts of the strait.The high wind events are more easily occurred by cold air from east than from west.The Qiongzhou Strait can obviously make the turbulent intensity of cold air turning weak.

关 键 词：琼州海峡沿岸 自动站 大风规律 影响系统 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]