农田生态系统N、P营养平衡及其肥料效应  

N and P balances in farmland ecosystem and their response to fertilizers

作　　者：曾江海[1] 张玉铭[1] 李惠英[1] 王智平[1] 陈素英[1] 王绍仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院石家庄农业现代化研究所

出　　处：《应用生态学报》1995年第S1期39-46,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院重点资助

摘　　要：９年的农田生态系统Ｎ、Ｐ营养平衡定位试验研究表明，Ｎ、Ｐ肥配合施用，实行秸秆还田，可提高土壤有机质和全Ｎ含量，使土壤速效和迟效Ｐ库容量得到补充．最后几年的Ｐ肥利用率达２１．１—６５．１％，Ｎ肥为４９—７５％．储备性施Ｐ第１年的利用率只有６．５－７．３％，而前３年之和达到２４—２８．５％，９年３个时段平均利用率２７．９—４２．８％，补偿性施Ｐ的１９．５—４２．９％．施Ｐ６５．５ｋｇ·ｈａ－１·ｙｒ－１时，既能满足作物对Ｐ的需求又能补充土壤速效Ｐ库容量．years field experiment on N and P balances in farmland ecosystem shows that the application of N and P fertilizers with stalk returned to soil can increase the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen, and its available and non-available P pools are supplemented. In last years, the utilization efficiency of P fertilizer is 22. 1 - 65. 1 %, and that ofN fertilizer is 49 - 75%. The application of storable P only has an efficiency of 6. 5 7. 3 % in the first year, and its total efficiency in-first three years is 24- 28. 5 %. The average utilization efficiency of applied P In nine years is 27. 9- 48. 8% , and that of supplemented P is 19. 5 - 42. 9%. The application of 65. 5kg P. ha-l. yr-1 can both satisfy the Prequirement of crops and supply the available P pool in soil.

关 键 词：农田生态系统 营养平衡 P肥残效 N肥 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]