自发性糖尿病大鼠肾脏形态学的实验研究  

Dynamic pathological changes in the kidney of Goto-Kakizaki rats

作　　者：马方[1,2] 王朝清[1] 赵宝珍[2] 刘媛媛[1] 党媛媛[1] 李卫萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属第十人民医院超声科,上海200072 [2]第二军医大学长海医院超声科,上海200433

出　　处：《同济大学学报（医学版）》2011年第5期10-15,共6页Journal of Tongji University(Medical Science)

基　　金：上海市科委基础研究重点项目(09JC1412100)

摘　　要：目的了解自发性糖尿病(Goto-Kakisaki,GK)大鼠早期肾脏病理学特点。方法雄性GK大鼠30只,按4周龄、12周龄和20周龄分为3组,每组10只。另取周龄匹配的雄性Wistar大鼠30只为对照组。采用尾部光电测压法测量收缩期血压。心腔取血,测定血糠、尿素氮、肌酐、总胆固醇、甘油三酯等生化指标。膀胱穿刺取尿,测定尿总蛋白浓度。取出肾脏,大体观察测量,光学显微镜、电子显微镜观察,Motic Images Advanced 3.2图像分析软件测量肾小球周长。结果GK大鼠肾质量、长径大于同周龄的Wistar大鼠(P<0.05);12周龄GK大鼠肾实质厚度、肾皮质厚度大于同周龄Wistar大鼠(P<0.01);4周龄GK大鼠的肾小球平均周长大于同周龄Wistar大鼠(P=0.01);光学显微镜下见肾小球局灶性硬化、基底膜非均匀性增厚等病理改变,电子显微镜下大鼠肾脏的亚细胞结构亦出现萎缩及功能减退。结论形态学异常可能是早期肾小球高灌注的病理学基础。自发性糖尿病大鼠是研究2型糖尿病肾损害的理想模型。Objective To observe the dynamic pathologic changes in the kidney of Goto-Kakizaki （GK） rats.Methods Thirty male GK rats were divided into 4-week,12-and 20-week groups（n=10 in each）.Thirty age-matched male Wistar rats were used as the controls.Systolic blood pressure was measured by tail volume photoelectric manometry.Blood samples were collected from the cardiac cavity,blood glucose,urea nitrogen（BUN）,creatinine（CR）,total cholesterol（TC） and triglyceride （TG） were measured.Urine samples were taken by bladder puncture,urinary protein concentrations were determined.Kideny morphology was observed by optical microscopy and electronic microscopy. The circumference of glomerula were analyzed via Motic Images Advanced 3.2.Results Kidney weight and length of GK rats were higher than those of corresponding controls（P0.05）.The thickness of the renal parencyma and cortex of the 12-week GK rats was significantly higher than that of the corresponding control group（P0.01）.The circumference of the glomerula in 4-week GK rats was longer than that in corresponding Wistar rats（P=0.01）.Optical microscopy showed focal glomerular sclerosis,basement membrane thickening unevenly and other pathological changes occured in the GK rats.Electronic microscopy also revealed renal atrophy and hypofunction of GK rats.Conclusion The morphologic abnormalities in the kidney of GK rats may be the pathogenic basis of early glomerular hypoperfusion,which suggests that GK rats is an ideal animal model for studying kidney impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

关 键 词：自发性糖尿病大鼠 糖尿病肾病 2型糖尿病 形态学 

分 类 号：R322.61[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]