城市污水处理厂挥发性卤代有机物的排放特征及影响因素研究  

Source Emission Characteristics and Impact Factors of Volatile Halogenated Organic Compounds from Wastewater Treatment Plant

作　　者：何洁[1] 王伯光[1,2] 刘舒乐[1] 赵德骏 唐小东[1] 邹宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学环境工程系,广州510632 [2]广东省普通高校水土环境毒害性污染物防治与生物修复重点实验室,广州510632 [3]广州市水务工程建设管理中心,广州510640

出　　处：《环境科学》2011年第12期3577-3581,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40975077);广州市环境保护局科技项目;广州市水务局科技项目;环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室(北京大学)开放课题项目

摘　　要：建立液氮浓缩采样/热解析脱附/GC/MS联用分析方法,测量了广州猎德污水处理厂6个不同处理单元及2个周边环境点中挥发性卤代有机物的组分及含量水平,研究了其排放特征及影响因素.结果表明,8个采样点共检测出19种挥发性卤代有机物,包括11种卤代烷烃、3种卤代烯烃及3种卤代芳香烃、2种卤代酸酯等,平均检出浓度范围为n.d.～33.39μg·m-3,总浓度均值范围为34.91～127.74μg·m-3·CH2Cl2、CHCl3、CFC-12、C2H4Cl2、CFC-11、C2HCl3、C2Cl4是污水处理厂主要的挥发性卤代有机物,它们主要由污水中相应物质挥发而来.脱水机房挥发性卤代有机物浓度最高,提升泵房次之,污泥浓缩池最低;研究还发现,提升泵房、曝气池及生化池的挥发性卤代有机物排放过程中受温度、湿度因素影响明显.A low enrichment method of using Tenax as absorbent and liquid nitrogen as refrigerant has been established to sample the volatile halogenated organic compounds in Guangzhou Liede municipal wastewater treatment plant as well as its ambient air.The composition and concentration of target halogenated hydrocarbons were analyzed by combined thermal desorption/GC-MS to explore its sources profile and impact factors.The result showed that 19 halogenated organic compounds were detected,including 11 halogenated alkanets,3 halogenated alkenes,3 halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons and 2 haloesters,with their total concentrations ranged from 34.91 μg·m-3 to 127.74 μg·m-3 and mean concentrations ranged from n.d.to 33.39 μg·m-3.Main pollutants of the studied plant were CH2Cl2,CHCl3,CFC-12,C2H4Cl2,CFC-11,C2HCl3 and C2Cl4,they came from the wastewater by volatilization.Among the six processing units,the dehydration room showed the highest level of halogenated organic compounds,followed by pumping station,while the sludge thickener was the lowest.The emissions from pumping station,aeration tank and biochemical pool were significantly affected by temperature and humidity of environment.

关 键 词：挥发性有机物 卤代物 源排放特征 城市污水处理厂 影响因素 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]