鸡粪堆肥的酶活特性研究  

Studies on enzyme characteristics during composting of chicken manure

作　　者：伍兵[1,2] 邓悟森 谭周进[3] 肖嫩群[3] 张浩 林丽美[3] 

机构地区：[1]长沙浩博生物技术有限公司,湖南长沙410606 [2]湖南农业大学,湖南长沙410128 [3]湖南中医药大学,湖南长沙410208

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2011年第11期972-975,共4页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：湖南省科技厅重大项目专项(2009FJ1005)

摘　　要：目的研究以鸡粪和菌糠为主体物料在高温堆肥发酵过程中纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、淀粉酶以及蛋白酶酶活性的变化。方法通过测定各酶活动态变化,了解各酶在鸡粪堆肥中的变化规律。其中纤维素酶和淀粉酶采用DNS比色法,木聚糖酶活采用还原糖法,蛋白酶活采用福林法进行测定。结果随温度不断变化和酶本身的性质以及物料的作用机制机制不同,酶活动态变化表现出一定的差异性。物料发酵温度在0～3 d时迅速上升,在3～18 d持续高温期,15 d之后下降趋于恒定。各酶活变化基本上符合先上升至峰值再下降,最后保持恒定的规律。其中各酶发生高效反应的时间具有不一致性,纤维素酶活在第18天时达到峰值,淀粉酶活在第9天时达到峰值,木聚糖酶在第12天时达到峰值,而蛋白酶活在第3天时即达到峰值。结论酶对物料腐熟具有重要用,本研究结果为堆肥腐熟提供参考指标,对优化堆肥工艺具有重要意义。Objective To study the change of cellulase, xylanase, amylase and protease during fermentation of chicken manure and mushroom bran material. Method The avtivity changes of each enzyme in the chicken manure com- post were determined. The cellulose enzyme and amylase were detected by DNS colorimetry, xylanase by reducing suger assay, and protease by Fo/in method. Result With the changing temperature, the properties of enzymes and different material, there were certain differences with regard to the enzyme activities. The activity of each enzyme reached to its peak value and then went down to a constant level, but at a different time： cellulose enzyme reached peak at 18 d, amylase 9 d, xylanase 12 d, while protease 3 d. Conclusion Enzymes play an important role in material composting. The results of this paper provide reference indexes for compost, and is of significance to optimizing the eomposting process.

关 键 词：鸡粪 堆肥 酶活性 

分 类 号：S432.24[农业科学—植物病理学]