禀赋效应、财政幻觉与公共政策——拆迁中情绪事件的行为经济学分析  

Endowment Effect,Fiscal Illusion and Public Policy:A Behavioral Economics Analysis on the Contentious Events in Demolition of Houses

作　　者：卿志琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学商学院企业管理系

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第6期127-136,共10页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部基地重大项目(2009JJD790028);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目

摘　　要：近年来,由拆迁所引发的情绪事件时有发生。从行为经济学有关禀赋效应和财政幻觉的视角可以剖析由拆迁引发情绪事件的认知根源和制度基础,揭示我国拆迁中情绪事件的发生机制。对于财产拥有者而言,禀赋效应使其视"家宅如城堡",它是个体的人格财产;对于财产征收者而言,财政幻觉使其视之为可用货币计价和任意替换的资产。对同一财产对象,两种不同的价值评价模式并存,这内在地包含着情绪冲突的可能性。这一冲突在中国特定制度安排下会转化为激烈的情绪对抗。我国征收制度存在多重弊端,除了征收行为缺乏应有的约束以外,土地资源配置机制的单一化、行政化可能是导致拆迁纠纷最重要的制度根源,因此,制度调整应向着市场化的方向推进。遏制和防范情绪事件的改革措施和政策建议是:用市场机制获取所需财产;以高于市场价值补偿;避开高主观价值集中的区域或放弃征收;推行严格的征收约束机制。The contentious events in demolition of houses have been often occurring in recent years in China. It is founded that endowment effect and fiscal illusion are the cognitive and institutional basis of the contentious events ; a mechanism that caused these events will be explored in this paper. Endowment effect is psychological basis of contentious events, because homestead is personhood property, so h man＇s home is his castle, fiscal illusion is the cognitive basis of contentious events, because homestead is taken as fungible property by condemners, so a man＇s home is his house that is worth of the limited sum of money. Two different evaluated models lies in the same property, so there may be the potential for contentious e- vents in the present institutional environment of China. There are multi - weakness in the present Chinese system of Emi- nent Domain. Besides the absence of effective constraints on the behaviors of takings, the administrative allocative mecha- nism of land resources may be the most important root of contentious events, so market - oriented reforms should be pushed further. Measures and policy for preventing the contentious events will be put out as follows： to acquire property by market mechanisms; to adopt a compensation requirement of more than fair market value; to eschew the intensive areas of subjective value or to forgive the plan of takings; to enforce strict mechanisms to constraint on the behaviors of takings.

关 键 词：禀赋效应 情绪事件 财政幻觉 行为经济学 

分 类 号：F069.9[经济管理—政治经济学]