土壤质地与埋深对白刺群落主要伴生植物出苗的影响研究  

Effects of Soil Texture and Soil Burial Depth on Seedling Emergence Rates of the Major Associated Species in Nitraria Communities

作　　者：马全林[1,2] 李新荣[2] 刘有军[1] 张德魁[1] 何明珠[2] 魏林源[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省治沙研究所荒漠化防治重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠试验研究站,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2011年第6期1423-1429,共7页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41061030);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD46B03);中国科学院"西部之光"项目资助

摘　　要：在田间条件下,研究了3种土壤质地与5个埋深对白刺群落主要伴生植物苦豆子、黄花矶松、沙蒿、油蒿和红砂出苗的影响,为白刺群落恢复、优良植物的筛选及其种群扩展提供理论依据与技术支撑。试验研究表明,尽管白刺群落主要伴生植物在田间的出苗率均较低,但各植物的出苗能力明显不同。土壤质地仅对伴生植物苦豆子、沙蒿和黄花矶松出苗有显著影响,而埋深处理对伴生植物出苗均有显著影响。不同土壤质地与埋深处理的平均出苗率以苦豆子最高,红砂、沙蒿和黄花矶松次之,油蒿最低;不同土壤质地的最高出苗率,沙土以沙蒿最大,沙壤土以黄花矶松最大,黏土以红砂最大;出苗适宜埋深,苦豆子为1.0～2.0cm,沙蒿、黄花矶松、油蒿和红砂为0.5cm。研究结果表明,选择适宜的植物及其人工促进技术对退化白刺固沙植被的恢复至关重要。Sophora alopecuroides,Limonium aureum,Artemisia sphaerocephala,Artemisia ordosica and Reaumuria soongorica are the major associated species in Nitraria communities in the lower reaches of Shiyang River.The seedling emergence rates of those species at different soil textures and soil burial depths were researched under field condition in order to introduce excellent plant species used for the restoration of the degraded Nitraria vegetation.Results showed that the seedling emergence rates of the major associated species in Nitraria communities were all low under field condition,but their seedling emergence abilities were obviously different.Soil texture only had significant influence on the seedling emergence rates of S.alopecuroides,L.aureum and A.sphaerocephala,but soil burial depth had significant influence on the seedling emergence rates of S.alopecuroides,L.aureum,A.sphaerocephala,A.ordosica and R.soongorica.The mean seedling emergence rates of S.alopecuroides at different soil textures and burial depths were the biggest,those of R.soongorica,L.aureum and A.sphaerocephala were second,and that of A.ordosica were the lowest.The species with the highest seedling emergence rate at sandy soil was A.sphaerocephala,at sandy loam soil was L.aureum,and at clay soil was R.soongorica.The optimal soil burial depth was 1.0—2.0 cm for S.alopecuroides,and 0.5 cm for L.aureum,A.sphaerocephala,A.ordosica and R.soongorica.The results indicated that the selection of adaptive species and artificial promoting technologies were vital for restoration of the degraded Nitraria vegetation.

关 键 词：土壤质地 埋深 白刺群落 伴生植物 出苗率 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]