不同细胞质类型杂交水稻产量及农艺性状杂种优势分析  

Analysis on Heterosis for Yield and Agronomic Traits of Hybrid Rice with Different Cytoplamsic Types

作　　者：赵菊[1] 朱旭东[1] 严钦泉[1] 彭灵佳[1] 肖敏[1] 朱子亮[1] 周洲[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《作物研究》2011年第5期425-430,435,共7页Crop Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目;湖南省教育厅科技项目(07C361)

摘　　要：选用6种细胞质类型的10个雄性不育系(保持系)和10个恢复系,按不完全双列杂交配制100个组合,对不同细胞质类型杂交稻产量等8个农艺性状的杂种优势进行了分析。结果表明,同一性状不同组合和同一组合不同性状间,同一细胞质类型(恢复系)和不同恢复系(母细胞质类型)所配系列组合间的超亲优势和对照优势存在着较大差异;每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数和穗长具有较强的正向超亲优势和对照优势,结实率具有较强的对照优势,产量性状也具有一定的超亲优势和对照优势,其它性状超亲优势和对照优势都比较弱;6种细胞质类型中以冈型和D型所配系列组合超亲优势和对照优势最强;10个恢复系中以R 388所配系列组合的超亲优势最强,密阳46次之,明恢63所配系列组合的对照优势最强,R 478次之。在大多数性状上恢复系对组合的超亲优势和对照优势的影响大于细胞质类型。Ten male sterile lines（maintenance line） came from 6 cytoplasmic types and 10 restorer lines were used as parents to make 100 crosses by NCⅡ design to analyze heterosis of yield and others 7 agronomic characters.The results showed that the differences existed in over-parent and contrast heterosis among the hybrid combinations that crossed with the same male（or female）parent and different felame or male restore lines on the same trait among different hybrid combinations and on the same hybrid combination among different traits.Strong positive over-parent and contrast heterorsis existed on grain number per panicle and panicle length,and strong positive contrast heterosis existed on seed setting rate,while over-parent and contrast heterosis on others traits were weak.Among 6 cytoplasmic types,the over-parent and contrast heterosis were strongest in hybrid combinations with G-type and D-type cytoplasm.Among 10 restore lines,over-parent heterosis of combinations from R388 and Miyang 46 were strongest,while contrast heterosis of combinations from Minghui 63 and R478 were stronger.The effect of restorer lines on over-parent and contrast heterosis of combination in most traits was bigger than cytoplasmic type.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 细胞质类型 产量 农艺性状 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S511.031[农业科学—作物学]