秸秆还田对免耕稻田温室气体排放及土壤有机碳固定的影响  

Effects of Rape Residue Mulch on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Carbon Sequestration from No-tillage Rice Fields

作　　者：李成芳[1] 寇志奎[1] 张枝盛[1] 曹凑贵[1] 吴海亚 梅金安 翟中兵 张丛德 魏坦雄 刘诗晴 夏起昕 

机构地区：[1]农业部华中作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室/华中农业大学植物科技学院,武汉430070 [2]湖北省武穴市大法寺镇农业技术推广服务中心,湖北黄冈435404 [3]湖北省武穴市鄂东南现代农业展示中心,湖北黄冈436300 [4]湖北省武穴市农业局,湖北黄冈436300

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2011年第11期2362-2367,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划:粮食丰产科技工程(2011BAD16B02);国家自然科学基金(31100319);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2010QC032)

摘　　要：秸秆还田影响免耕稻田土壤固碳潜力,相应地改变了温室气体的排放,从而影响秸秆还田后稻田土壤固碳减排对减缓全球变暖的贡献。通过研究不同油菜秸秆还田量(0、3000、4000kg·hm-2和6000kg·hm-2)对免耕稻田温室气体(CO2、CH4和N2O)排放和土壤碳固定的影响,评估秸秆还田后温室气体增排的综合增温潜势对稻田固碳减缓全球变暖的贡献的抵消作用。结果表明,秸秆还田显著提高CO2和N2O排放,降低CH4排放,显著提高土壤有机碳含量,有效地提高土壤碳固定,从而有效地提高稻田土壤碳固定对温室气体增排的温室效应抵消作用。随着秸秆还田量的增加,稻田土壤固碳减缓全球变暖的贡献相应增加,因此必须考虑免耕稻田秸秆还田量的问题,以有效发挥免耕稻田秸秆还田的固碳潜力和降低温室气体的排放。Carbon sequestrations by soils from no-tillage paddy fields are affected by crop residue mulch, which alter greenhouse gas emissions and thus influence the contribution of soil carbon sequestration to global warming. Therefore, this paper aims to study effects of rape residue mulch on greenhouse gas（CO2, CH4 and N2O） emissions, and organic carbon sequestration by soils from no-tillage paddy fields, and to assess the contribution of carbon sequestration to global warming. The results showed that rape residue mulch significantly increased emissions of CO2 and N2O, decreased CH4 emissions. Application of rape residues significantly increased soil organic C contents and thus C sequestration by soils. Increased application of rape residues decreased net global warming potentials. Hence, our results suggested that it was important for taking into account the application of rape residues to increase C sequestration potential and to alleviate greenhouse gas emissions due to residue mulch.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 免耕稻田 温室气体 碳固定 增温潜势 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]