吸烟的冠心病患者戒烟愿望及影响因素分析  

Desire of Smoking Cessation of Smoking Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：周新圆[1] 张晓梅[1] 董旭[1] 徐溟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京安贞医院心内科一病房,北京100029

出　　处：《护理学报》2011年第21期28-31,共4页Journal of Nursing（China）

摘　　要：目的了解吸烟的冠心病患者对戒烟的态度,探讨其影响因素,为有效地促使冠心病患者积极参与戒烟工作提供依据。方法对2010年10—12月心内科住院的76例冠心病吸烟患者进行问卷调查,内容包括患者一般资料、吸烟现状和对戒烟的态度、看法。结果本组76例患者每天吸烟2～30(16.0±5.6)支,烟龄8～50(35.5±10.5)年;未考虑过在未来6个月内戒烟者21例占28%,正考虑在未来6个月内改变自己的吸烟习惯17例占22%,正在采取戒烟行动37例占49%,复吸1例占1%;戒烟愿望(7.58±2.67)分,戒烟信心(7.05±2.69)分;80%患者认为自己的决心和毅力是促进戒烟行为的主要因素,51%认为遇到不良生活事件而心情不好是阻碍戒烟行为的主要因素。结论本组约半数患者正在采取戒烟行动,其影响戒烟的因素主要是遇到不良生活事件而心情不好,故应加强吸烟冠心病患者的心理调适,帮助其释放压力,也应全面加强戒烟宣传,提供更有效的戒烟支持和尼古丁替代品,才能更有效地帮助冠心病患者戒烟。Objective To understand the attitude of smoking patients with coronary artery disease toward smoking cessation and to explore its influencing factors.Methods A questionnaire was employed to survey 76 smoking patients with coronary artery disease for information such as patients＇ general information,the status quo of smoking and their attitude toward smoking cessation.Results Generally,76 patients consumed 2~30（16.0±5.6） cigarettes per day and they had smoked for 8~50（35.5±10.5） years.Of them,28% of the patients did not intend to quit smoking in the future six months and those intended to accounted for 22% and 49% of the patients were trying to give up smoking,and only one patient smoked again after giving it up,accounting for 1%.The scores of desire of smoking cessation and smoking cessation confidence were 7.58±2.67 and 7.05±2.69 respectively.The principal factor contributing to giving up smoking was determination while the most commonly reason for the failure of smoking cessation was encountering adverse life events.Conclusion Psychological nursing would help those trying to give up smoking and comprehensive publicity of tobacco control should be strengthened as well so as to create a favorable atmosphere for them.

关 键 词：冠心病 吸烟 戒烟 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.54[医药卫生—护理学]