接种微生物菌剂对猪粪堆肥效果的影响  

Study on the Effect of Inoculated Microbial Agents to Pig Manure Compost

作　　者：贾聪俊[1] 张耀相[1] 杜鹉辰[1] 王德光[1] 石涛[1] 李阳柯[1] 牛竹叶[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2011年第5期73-76,共4页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：2010大学生创新性实验计划项目;国家级动物科学实验教学示范中心建设项目

摘　　要：为解决猪粪堆肥时间过长及堆肥过程中的一些环境污染问题,试验研究微生物菌剂对猪粪堆肥效果的影响。试验设3个处理组,1个对照组,每组3个重复,每重复20 kg新鲜猪粪,各处理组接种微生物混合菌剂,其中酵母菌、乳酸菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌各30 mL,处理Ⅰ组加枯草芽孢杆菌15 mL,处理Ⅱ组加枯草芽孢杆菌30 mL,处理Ⅲ组加枯草芽孢杆菌45 mL,对照组不添加任何菌剂,堆肥25 d,期间观测各组理化指标变化情况,试验结束测定氮磷含量。结果表明:堆肥最高温度均出现在试验第3 d,处理Ⅰ组为17.67℃,与对照组差异不显著;处理Ⅱ组为16.33℃,显著低于对照组(P<0.05);处理Ⅲ组为18.67℃,显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。堆肥发酵后期pH都降到7.0左右,各组之间差异不显著;感官指标测定显示所有处理组的臭气强度均比对照组低;各组大肠菌群指数均降至卫生标准范围之内。堆肥结束,处理Ⅱ组及处理Ⅰ组全氮含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),处理Ⅲ组氮含量与对照组差异不显著,但仍然高出对照组38.7%。各组全磷含量之间差异不显著(P>0.05),试验各组略高于对照组。试验表明:接种枯草芽孢杆菌含量不同的微生物混合菌剂可促进猪粪腐熟堆肥过程,显著增加肥料氮素含量,并有保持磷素不损失的效果。综合各项理化指标测定结果,处理Ⅰ效果较好。The purpose of inoculated microbial agents to pig fecai is to make the compost time shorter and reduce the pollution to the environment.This experiment was divided into 4 groups： three treatment groups and one control group.Every group had three replicates.Every replicate had 20 kg pig manure.The treatment groups inoculate microbes,the mixed bacteria agent including yeast,lactic acid bacteria,candle shape bacillus each 30 mL.In addition,add bacillus subtitles 15 mL to treatment Ⅰ,30 mL to treatment Ⅱ,45 mL to treatment Ⅲ,control group did not add any bacteria agent.Then,observe the indexes＇ variation of the compost including pH,temperature and bad smell during the molder soil.In the end,nitrogen and phosphorus contents were determined.The results showed that： the highest temperature of every group was present in the third day.The temperature of treatment Ⅰ was 17.67 ℃,treatmentⅡ was 16.33 ℃,treatment Ⅲ was 18.67 ℃ and the control group was 17.67 ℃.The later of compost,pH of each group was down to 7.0,which showed that pH was no significant difference between groups;and inoculating microbial agents could reduce the odor intensity of compost.Each group coliform indexes all down into health standard range.The total nitrogen content of treatment Ⅱ and Ⅰ were significantly higher than that of control group（P 0.05）,the nitrogen content of treatment Ⅲ and control group had no significant difference.The total phosphorus content was no significant difference between each group.It＇s concluded that inoculated mixed bacteria agent with different content of bacillus subtitles could promote the pig manure composting compost,and markedly increased nitrogen content,and kept the phosphorus no loss.Considering various physical and chemical indexes treatmentⅠ was the better mixed bacteria agent.

关 键 词：微生物菌剂 猪粪 堆肥 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]