山西省大同市布鲁杆菌病预防控制示范基地农牧民问卷调查  

Survey report about farmers and herdsmen in a demonstration base of Datong on Brucellosis prevention and control in Shanxi province

作　　者：郭曼卿[1] 高学萍[1] 李振宇[1] 吴文华[1] 刘新民 姜正兵 

机构地区：[1]山西省大同市疾病预防控制中心鼠布科,037004 [2]山西省阳高县疾病预防控制中心 [3]山西省广灵县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2011年第6期678-680,共3页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

基　　金：卫生行业科研专项项目（200802024）

摘　　要：目的调查当地群众对布鲁杆菌病（布病）常识的了解程度，探索布病感染危险因素．确定下一步进行综合干预和健康促进的关键环节。方法选择历史上曾为布病老疫区、且近年来疫情出现反弹的阳高县和广灵县，采用二阶段分层整群抽样法进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括被调查者的人口学资料（性别、年龄、文化程度等），布病相关知识和人群布病防治行为态度3个方面。结果2个县共调查5372人。文化程度偏低，其中，农民占62．7％（3362／5372）。阳高县和广灵县布病知晓率分别为84．03％（2379／2831）和33．33％（847／2541）．布病感染途径知识平均知晓率为18．60％（6001／32260）。在两县布病预防常识调查中，有29％的人认为处理流产物需要戴手套，有70％的人答“不知道”。在养殖户如何处理病死畜的调查问卷中，阳高县有79．1％（664／839）选择去市场卖掉，广灵县有61．2％（267／361）的选择杀死后埋掉，两县均存在不恰当的病死畜处理方式。结论居民对布病了解程度不够，应加强健康教育与行为干预，提高群众预防布病的意识与能力，改变不正确生活方式和认知观念，有效降低人间布病的感染与传播。Objective To survey knowledge of the local people＇s understanding of Brucellosis,and to explore the risk factors for brucellosis infection, and to determine the key issue of next comprehensive health promotion intervention. Methods Two counties, Yanggao and Guangling, which are old endemic areas with Brucellosis in history, and with epidemic rebounding in recent years, were selected. The survey was carried out by two stage stratified cluster sampling method. The questionnaires included respondents＇ demographic data（gender, age, education level, etc.）, Brucellosis（hereinafter referred to as Brucellosis） knowledge of the investigation and behavior and attitude of people toward the measure for control of Brucellosis. Results A total of 5372 people were investigated in two counties of which 62.7%（3362/5372） of farmers. The investigated crowd had low culture level. The awareness of Brucellosis infection route of Yanggao and Guangling counties were 84.03% （2379/2831） and 33.3% （847/2541）. The average awareness of Brucellosis infection route was 18.60% （6001/32 260）. In the investigation of knowledge on Brucellosis prevention of the two counties, 29% believed that it was necessary to wear gloves to process flow product, and 70% of people answered ＂do not know＂. For farmers on how to deal with dead animals, results showed that 79.1% （664/839） in Yanggao choose to sell dead animals to the market; 61.2% （267/361） in Guangling choose to kill and bury, there were inappropriate treatment on handling of ill and dead animals in the two counties. Conclusions Spread of Brucellosis is caused mainly due to emphasis on the disease is not enough, and inappropriate handling of dead livestock. Measures like strengthening health education and behavioral intervention, increasing public awareness of the disease prevention and ability to change the incorrect way of life and cognitive concepts, can effectively reduce human infection and the spread of Brucellosis.

关 键 词：布鲁杆菌病 问卷调查 知晓率 健康教育 

分 类 号：R516.7[医药卫生—内科学]