中华鲟初次全人工繁殖的特性研究  

THE REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF FIRST FILIAL GENERATION OF ACIPENSER SINENSIS GROWING UP IN THE FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENT

作　　者：郭柏福 常剑波[2] 肖慧[1] 朱滨[2] 万建义[1] 田家元[1] 舒德斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所,宜昌443100 [2]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,武汉430079

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2011年第6期940-945,共6页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：中国长江三峡集团公司资助项目<中华鲟全人工繁殖研究>(0799511);科技部国际合作重点项目<三峡库区生态系统功能与生物多样性保护策略研究>(2008DFA31550)资助

摘　　要：结合中华鲟研究所1994—1999年野生中华鲟人工繁殖亲本的生物学特性和2000—2008年野生成熟亲鱼人工繁殖的情况,对子一代中华鲟初次全人工繁殖的特性进行了研究。结果表明:虽然初次性成熟的子一代中华鲟个体均小于野生中华鲟的成熟亲本,但性腺发育良好。经人工催产,精子具有较高的质量(快速运动60s,常温存活10min),卵子也具有较高的受精率(71.4%)和孵化率(64.3%),并成功的培育出了健康的子二代鱼苗1.8万尾。人工淡水条件下子一代中华鲟的全人工催产繁殖获得了成功,证实了中华鲟可以在纯淡水中完成其生殖周期。研究结果对濒危物种中华鲟的物种延续具有重要现实意义。Chinese sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis Gary) is an endangered anadromous species in the IUCN Red List.It was characterized as the national level key protected animal of China in 1988 and under the protection of CITES Ap-pendix II in 1998.In order to realize the artificial propagation,mature Chinese sturgeons were captured below the Gezhouba Dam in the Yangtze River every year since 1982.And the induction of wild Chinese sturgeon succeeded in 1984.From then on,the artificially reproduced larvae of Chinese sturgeon were released every year.With the declining of the population,capture of wild Chinese sturgeon was prohibited by the government from 2008,so induction of cul-tured sturgeons was necessary to increase the quantity of larvae in the Yangtze River.From 1987 to 1997,many proge-nies of induced Chinese sturgeons captured from the Yangtze River were tried to culture in complete freshwater envi-ronment in Chinese sturgeon Institute.Twenty four growing-up individuals were selected for the attempts of the artifi-cial propagation study in 2006.We successfully made the gonads of these individuals develop into mature in freshwater environment via controlling culture environment temperature,lowering temperature to induce and supplying particular nutrient in 2009.The gonads were monitored by the combination of ultrasound detection and manual puncture detection.Primary biological data of egg,such as egg diameter and egg weight,the migration of the egg polar nucleus,were checked to confirm whether the female were mature and the microscope was used to check whether the male were ma-ture.There were totally eight individuals whose gonads reached Phase III in 2008 and 2009.We found two mature brood fish(No.6B7A and 391D) suitable to conduct artificial propagation via checking gonads in September 2009,and then we tried to conduct the first artificial induction in 29 September 2009,and part of the semen were Cryopreservation.In 22 November 2009,we confirmed that the gonad of a female(No.3C67) was matured,and then we tried the seco

关 键 词：中华鲟 淡水环境 全人工繁殖 生物学 

分 类 号：S961.2[农业科学—水产养殖]