醇类添加剂影响界面聚合反渗透复合膜性能的机理  

Effect of addition of alcohols on preparation of reverse osmosis composite membrane with high flux by interfacial polymerization

作　　者：邱实[1,2] 吴礼光[3] 张林[1] 陈欢林[1] 高从堦[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学系,浙江杭州310027 [2]中国特种飞行器研究所,湖北荆门448035 [3]浙江工商大学环境科学与工程学院,浙江杭州310035

出　　处：《化工学报》2011年第12期3440-3446,共7页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2003CB615706);国家自然科学基金项目(21076176);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目~~

摘　　要：在考察间苯二胺和均苯三甲酰氯界面聚合单体浓度对膜性能影响的基础上,研究了在水相反应溶液中添加系列小分子醇类后膜分离性能的变化,添加醇后的聚酰胺反渗透复合膜通量有明显提高,最高增加超过一倍。FTIR结果表明由于醇羟基与酰氯基团反应生成酯键终结聚酰胺分子链的增长,降低网络结构的交联度,利于分子透过。简要分析了通量的增加量与醇的种类以及溶解度各分量之间的关系,当醇与聚酰胺溶解度越接近时,醇更容易溶解透过初生态的聚酰胺膜,与酰氯接触发生反应的机会增加,链终止的可能性就会增大,通量提高得越多。最后,根据实验结果得出结论:在前面最佳制膜工艺的指导下,醇作为水相添加剂且添加量质量分数在5%～10%之间可以有效优化聚酰胺复合膜的性能,制备出高通量的反渗透复合膜。The effects of metaphenylene diamine （MPD） and trimesoyl chloride （TMC） concentration on the performance of reverse osmosis （RO） composite membranes were investigated. Different alcohols were added to the aqueous solution of MPD in order to improve the performance of as-prepared membranes. The maximal flux was found to be twice of the original flux. FTIR results suggest that the hydroxyl groups of alcohols reacted with TMC to form ester bonds and thus terminated the extension of polyamide molecular chains, and reduced the cross-linked degree of network structure, so that solute molecules are easy to penetrate through the membranes. The connection between membrane separation performance and solubility parameters of alcohols was investigated. When the solubility of alcohol is close to that of polyamide, the alcohol is easy to dissolve and penetrate in the nascent polyamide membrane, and therefore increases the reaction between the alcohol and TMC. The experiments exhibit that the addition of alcohols is an effective method for preparation of composite membrane with high flux. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the best mass fraction of additional alcohols in water phase is between 5% and 10% and asprepared composite membranes exhibit high flux with a little sacrifice on rejection.

关 键 词：间苯二胺 均苯三甲酰氯 高通量 醇 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]