巢湖流域减量施肥对番茄产量品质和土壤硝态氮的影响  

The Effect of Reducing Fertilizer Application on Tomato Production,Quality and Soil Nitrate in Chaohu Lake Basin

作　　者：孙丽[1] 马友华[1] 何传龙[2] 汪丽婷[1] 朱小红[1] 周维平 申卫平 洪炜 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学,合肥230036 [2]安徽省农科院土壤肥料研究所,合肥230031 [3]安徽省巢湖市居巢区农业委员会,安徽巢湖238000 [4]安庆华辉生物科技有限公司,安徽安庆246121

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第25期250-255,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07103-002);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B06)

摘　　要：为了研究巢湖流域适度减量施肥的可行性,通过田间试验,研究了减量施肥配施氨基酸水溶肥料和微肥对番茄产量、内在品质以及氮磷钾吸收的影响。结果表明,减量施肥配施氨基酸水溶肥料以及微肥不仅能够保证番茄稳产,而且能对番茄的口感、植株的生长起到积极推进作用。与习惯施肥相比,85%施肥、75%施肥可使番茄产量分别提高24.3%和3.8%,65%施肥处理使番茄产量降低8.2%;使番茄果实中硝酸盐含量分别降低9.01%,6.12%,10.44%;使0～20cm番茄收获后,土样中硝态氮含量分别降低58.34%,15.00%,40.99%;使0～20cm番茄收获后,土样中有效磷含量分别降低32.04%,31.72%,30.69%。其中,以85%减量施肥处理效果最佳,达到番茄增产、减少养分流失的目的。In order to research the feasibility of moderate reduction fertilization in Chaohu Lake basin,a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of reducing fertilizer with amino acids in water-soluble fertilizer and trace element fertilizer application on tomato production,quality and NPK absorption.The results showed that：reducing fertilizer with amino acids in water-soluble fertilizer and trace element fertilizer was not only to ensure stable production of tomato,but also played an active role in promoting to tomato taste and growth.Compared with custom fertilization,85% fertilizer,75% fertilizer could make tomato production increase,the rate separately were 24.3%,3.8%,the rate which 65% fertilizer made the production down was 8.2%;it could make the nitrate content in tomato fruit reduce,the percentage separately were 9.01%,6.12%,10.44%.The rate which made the nitrate content down in 0-20 cm soil horizon after tomato harvest separately were 58.34%,15.00%,40.99%;the ratio which made the available P content lower in 0-20 cm soil horizon after tomato harvest separately were 32.04%,31.72%,30.69%.85% fertilizer had the best treatment effect,achieved the purpose of tomato yield and reduced the nutrient loss.

关 键 词：减量施肥 番茄 叶面肥 微肥 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]