中国大陆核电厂放射性流出物释放所致的公众剂量  

Doses to the Public from Radioactive Effluents Released from Nuclear Power Plants on China Mainland

作　　者：陈晓秋[1] 杨端节[1] 焦志娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082 [2]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413

出　　处：《辐射防护通讯》2011年第3期1-6,共6页Radiation Protection Bulletin

摘　　要：基于历年的流出物监测资料,对2005年前中国大陆核电运行所致公众剂量进行分析和评价。结果表明:(1)秦山核电基地放射性流出物年平均释放所致公众(成人)的个人有效剂量为1.69μSv,几乎全部来自重水堆机组释放的剂量,约为UNSCEAR2000年报告的典型场址重水堆年平均个人有效剂量(10μSv)的16%;大亚湾核电基地放射性流出物年平均释放所致公众(成人)的个人有效剂量为1.4μSv,约为UNSCEAR2000年报告的典型场址压水堆年平均个人有效剂量(5μSv)的28.0%。(2)中国大陆核电厂运行,压水堆核电厂运行所致的集体有效剂量为1.56×10-2人.Sv/GWa,重水堆核电厂运行所致的集体有效剂量为1.84×10-1人.Sv/GWa,总的归一化集体有效剂量为0.2人.Sv/GWa,约为UNSCEAR2000年报告的所有反应堆归一化集体有效剂量(0.43人.Sv/GWa)的46.5%。Based on monitoring data of radioactive effluents from nuclear power plants,the public doses were estimated arising from nuclear power plants that were put into operation before 2005.The results show that（1） annual average releases of radioactive effluents from Qinshan nuclear power base gives rise to the individual effective dose,to the public（adults）,of 1.69 μSv,mainly from releases of HWRs,about 16% of the typical value,10 μSv for HWR,of the UNSCEAR 2000 Report.Annual average releases of radioactive effluents from Daya Bay nuclear power base gives rise to the individual effective dose,to the public（adults）,of 1.4 μSv,about 28% UNSCEAR 2000 Report＇s typical value,5 μSv for PWRs,（2） normalized collective effective doses resulting from PWRs and HWRs are 1.56×10-2 man Sv/GWa and 1.84 ×10-1 man Sv/GWa,respectively.Averaged normalized collective effective dose is 0.2 man Sv/GWa from PWRs and HWRs,about 46.5% of global average normalized collective effective dose,0.43 man Sv/GWa,as given by UNSCEAR 2000 Report.

关 键 词：核电厂 放射性流出物 集体有效剂量 

分 类 号：TM623.8[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]