财富与剥削在苏维埃革命划分阶级中的演变及启示——以中央苏区为例  

Evolution of the Role of Property and Exploitation in Class Determination during the Soviet Revolution and Its Implications for Us:A Case Study of the Central Soviet Area

作　　者：杨丽琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学生态文明与现代中国研究中心,副教授南昌330013

出　　处：《中共党史研究》2011年第11期70-78,共9页CPC History Studies

摘　　要：马克思主义关于价值创造及阶级剥削的理论是共产主义运动的重要基石。20世纪二三十年代,诞生不久的中国共产党人在苏维埃革命中对此进行了早期的实践。中央苏区在摧毁旧的剥削社会和建设新的苏维埃社会过程中,先是以财富多寡来论阶级剥削,并推行共产平分财富的政策;继而以革命前是否"劳动"与形成"剥削关系"来区别阶级剥削,注意保护中下层劳动者的财富;最后将创造财富中的"劳动"及其"剥削关系"计量化,进一步保障此前土地革命中受到打击的中农、贫农劳动者的财产。这个过程充分体现了中共在苏维埃革命中的艰辛探索,并在如何全面分析价值创造的要素、如何合理解决收入平均问题等方面给我们留下许多启示。The Marxist theory of value creation and class exploitation is a cornerstone of the communist movement. In the 1920s and 1930s the newborn Communist Party of China began to put the theory into practice in the Soviet revolution. In the process of dismantling the old society of exploitation and building a new Soviet society, the government of the Central Soviet Area at first judged class exploitation in terms of the amount of property and carried out the policy of equal distribution of properties; then it shifted the criterion for determining exploiting classes to ＂labor＂ and the formation of ＂exploiting relations＂ before the revolution and paid attention to protecting properties of the laboring people in the middle and lower strata; finally ＂labor＂ and ＂exploitation＂ in the creation of wealth were quantified and further measures were taken to protect properties of the middle and poor peasants hit in the previous agrarian revolution. This process fully embodied the difficult exploitation of the Communist Party of China during the Soviet revolution and gave us much food for thought on how to make comprehensive analyses of the factors in value creation and how to make a fair distribution of income.

关 键 词：财富 剥削 苏维埃革命 阶级划分 

分 类 号：D231[政治法律—政治学]