空气源热泵相变蓄能除霜系统蓄热模式及除霜特性的研究  

Study on Thermal Energy Storage Modes and Defrosting Dynamic Characteristics of a PCM Based Air Source Heat Pump

作　　者：胡文举[1,2] 陈镇凯[2] 姜益强[1] 姚杨[1] 倪龙[1] 孙成 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨150090 [2]广东吉荣空调有限公司博士后工作站,广东揭阳522000

出　　处：《建筑科学》2011年第12期31-35,80,共6页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50606007);广东省教育部产学研结合项目(2009B090300418)

摘　　要：本文阐述了基于相变蓄热的空气源热泵蓄能除霜系统及其相变蓄热器的设计,提出了3种蓄热模式并搭建了空气源热泵蓄能除霜试验台。通过对实验数据进行分析,认为串联蓄热模式时,系统可有效完成蓄热且相变蓄热器的蓄热速度较快;单独蓄热模式和并联蓄热模式时系统不能有效运行,压缩机的吸、排气温度偏高,而吸、排气压力偏低,功率偏低,相变材料蓄热速度非常小;除霜时,相变蓄能除霜系统的压缩机吸气压力比传统除霜系统提高了约0.3 MPa,有效提高了除霜速度(比传统除霜系统快了近4 min),且系统由除霜模式转为供热模式时,室内机吹出的空气温度较高,更加有利于供热房间的舒适性。In this paper,a novel phase change material（PCM） based reversed-cycle defrosting method for air source heat pump（ASHP） was introduced and its PCM based heat exchanger（PCMHE） was designed.Three thermal energy storage modes were presented and experiments were carried out to test the efficiencies of thermal energy storage and defrosting respectively.By analyzing the experiment results,it was concluded that energy could be quickly stored in PCMHE with series thermal energy storage mode.Nevertheless,with sole and parallel modes,discharge and suction temperatures of the compressor were unusually high,while discharge and suction pressures and input power were relatively lower,also the thermal energy storage speed was very small,which meant that the ASHP could not work effectively.Furthermore,by comparing the PCM based reversed-cycle defrosting method with the traditional one,it was indicated that the former could decrease the defrosting time by 4 minutes at least,also shutting down of the ASHP unit due to low suction pressure protection could be avoided effectively by increasing the compressor＇s suction pressure of 0.3 MPa.Besides,when the system returned to the heating supply mode from the defrosting mode,with the PCM based defrosting method,the air temperature out of the indoor coil increased faster and was higher than the traditional method,which would benefit the indoor thermal comfort greatly.

关 键 词：除霜 蓄能模式 相变蓄热器 动态特性 

分 类 号：TQ051.5[化学工程] TU831.5[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]