纳米高岭土的固相剪切碾磨制备及对PVC的增强增韧  

Preparation of Nanokaolin and Its Strengthening & Toughening for PVC Through Solid State Shear Compounding Technology

作　　者：陈建军[1] 李侃社[1,2] 陈英红[2] 牛红梅[1] 闫兰英[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学化学与化工学院,高分子研究所,陕西西安710054 [2]高分子材料工程国家重点实验室(四川大学),四川成都610065

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2011年第11期114-117,共4页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：陕西省“13115”科技创新工程重大科技专项(2009ZDKG-62);高分子材料工程国家重点实验室开放课题;陕西省教育厅自然科学专项(06JK241)资助

摘　　要：采用固相剪切碾磨方法成功制备了聚氯乙烯(PVC)-高岭土复合粉体,实现了高岭土的片层剥离和在PVC基体中的纳米分散及对PVC的同步增强增韧。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)表征了PVC-高岭土纳米复合材料的结构,研究了其力学性能。结果表明,30次碾磨,高岭土的特征衍射峰几乎消失,高岭土以约30 nm片层厚度均匀分散于PVC基体,径厚比超过10。与简单填充复合方法相比,固相剪切碾磨技术制备的PVC/高岭土纳米复合材料的力学性能有较大提高。在高岭土质量分数为4%时,断裂伸长率由87.3%提高到274.6%,提高了214.7%;拉伸强度由47.7 MPa提高到54.0 MPa。Solid state shear compounding technology（S3C） based on pan-milling is an effective method to prepare polymer/layered mineral composites with nano intercalating structure.The PVC/ kaolin nanocomposites were successfully prepared by S3C at ambient temperature The structure and properties of PVC/Kaolin nanocomposites prepared were investigated by XRD,SEM,TEM and mechanical tests.The results show that the mechanical properties of PVC/Kaolin nanocomposites prepared through S3C based on pan-milling 30 cycles are remarkably improved compared with conventional filled composites.The elongation of PVC / Kaolin nanocomposites with 4% Kaolin is 274.6%,tensile strength is 54.0 MPa,at the same time,the notched impact strength is 4.9 kJ/m2.S3C realizes synchronously pulverizing,dispersion and compounding of PVC with kaolin through 25 ～30 cycles pan milling.The strip flake of Kaolin particles with thickness less than 30 nanometer and the aspect ratio of 10 times disperses homogeneously in the PVC matrix.

关 键 词：聚氯乙烯 高岭土 固相剪切纳米复合技术 磨盘碾磨 纳米复合材料 增强 增韧 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]