丙烯酸/全氟辛基甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物的合成及固沙应用  

Synthesis of a fluoroalkyl acrylate copolymer and its application in sand solidfication

作　　者：苏鹏[1] 马育红[1] 杨万泰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学碳纤维及功能高分子教育部重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《北京化工大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第6期44-48,共5页Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费(ZD0902)

摘　　要：为了改善化学固沙剂固沙层水渗透速率低和吸水率高的缺点,本文设计合成一类新的化学固沙剂——丙烯酸(AA)与1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟辛基甲基丙烯酸酯(PFOMA)的共聚物。研究了不同单体用量比(nAA/nPFOMA=9/1,8/2,7/3,5/5)的共聚物对聚丙烯酸(PAA)固沙剂保水性能的影响。用该共聚物溶液浸润PAA固化的沙柱,在固化的沙粒表层形成含氟共聚物的包覆层。实验结果表明,该共聚物层能显著降低PAA固化沙柱的表面能,提高固沙层的渗水速率,降低吸水率。当共聚物的单体比为nAA/nPFOMA=7/3时,水无法渗入沙柱;共聚物的单体比为nAA/nPFOMA=9/1和8/2时,25 mL水渗过5 cm高PAA固化沙柱的渗水时间从23'33″降到了4'30″,同时沙柱吸水率也从约50%降到了15%左右;通过CaCl2溶液的浸润,采用Ca2+的交联作用,可极大地提高用共聚物溶液浸润后的PAA固结沙柱的耐水性,试样在水中浸泡一个月无明显变化。In order to improve the properties of chemical fixing-sand,a new method is proposed based on combining chemical fixing-sand and plant fixing-sand.Copolymers of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl methacrylate（PFOMA） and acrylic acid（AA） with different monomer ratios,nAA/nPFOMA=9/1,8/2,7/3 and 5/5 were prepared by azobis（isobutyronitrile）（AIBN）-initiated free radical polymerization.Specimens of the polyacrylic acid（PAA）-solidified sand were soaked in aqueous dispersions of the fluorocopolymers to give a hydrophobic coating.For a PAA-solidified specimen with a height of 5 cm,it took about 23 min 33s for 25 mL of water to flow into it.When the copolymer with nAA/nPFOMA=7/3 was used as the coating layer water could not penetrate the specimen,whereas when the copolymers with nAA/nPFOMA=9/1 and 8/2 were employed,the water flow time was significantly reduced to about 4 min 30s.The water absorption of the specimens dropped from about 50% for the PAA-solidified sand to about 15% for the copolymer-coated specimens.In addition,the water resistance of the PAA-solidified sand was greatly improved by the addition of CaCl2 solution which resulted in crosslinking of the PAA.

关 键 词：1H 1H 2H 2H-全氟辛基甲基丙烯酸酯 聚丙烯酸 固沙剂 耐水性 吸水率 

分 类 号：TQ325.7[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]