日本落叶松碳储量家系遗传变异及优良家系选择研究  

Carbon storage genetic variation of Japanese larch families and selection of superior families

作　　者：张超[1] 张含国[1] 朱航勇[1] 邓继峰[1] 张磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林木遗传育种与生物技术教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2011年第10期53-62,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"固碳树种选育及固碳示范技术"(2008BAD95B10-6)

摘　　要：以黑龙江省林口县青山林场日本落叶松种子园21年生自由授粉子代测定林30个处理为材料,测定了树高、胸径、材积、木材密度、含碳量,估算了生物量与碳储量,分析了各性状的变异系数、相关系数、遗传力及遗传增益,筛选出生长与碳汇功能兼优的家系。结果表明,树高、胸径、材积、生物量和碳储量在家系间都存在较大的变异,其变异系数分别是16.4%、23.7%、51.9%、50.0%和32.0%,木材密度和含碳量在家系间变异相对较小,变异系数分别是8.2%和3.5%。树高、胸径、材积、木材密度、生物量及碳储量在家系间有极显著或显著差异,家系遗传力分别为0.708、0.538、0.524、0.382、0.567和0.526,含碳量在家系间差异不显著,树高、胸径、材积、生物量和碳储量受较高强度的遗传控制,基本密度遗传力稍低。含碳量与树高呈不显著负相关,与胸径、材积、木材密度为不显著正相关;碳储量与树高、胸径、材积、木材密度及生物量呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.628、0.959、0.978、0.214和0.996,与含碳量呈不显著正相关;生物量与树高、胸径、材积及木材密度呈显著正相关,与含碳量呈不显著正相关。生物量和碳储量较大的家系都为日73-8、日73-14、日73-19,在10%的入选率下,生物量和碳储量的遗传增益分别是38.4%和34.2%。家系日73-8、日73-14、日73-19作为优良家系,其材积、木材密度、生物量和碳储量的平均值分别高出对照130.8%,4.6%,138.3%和137.1%;分别高出所有家系均值49.2%,0.6%,45.8%和47.4%。用这3个优良家系营造林分的碳储量为1.30×105 kg.hm-2,比家系均值高47.4%,比用白刀山、大海林、小北湖优良林分、种长混和母日混对照造林每公顷碳储量分别高252.4%、203.0%、142.0%、86.9%和66.7%。A study was conducted in 21-year-old Japanese larch progeny testing forests including 30 open-pollinated families in Linkou county,Heilongjiang province.Tree height,diameter at breast height（DBH）,volume,basic density and carbon content were measured,biomass and carbon storage were estimated,variation coefficient of all traits,correlation coefficient,heritability and genetic gain were analyzed,superior families were selected in terms of growth and carbon sink.The results show that there were large variations in tree height,DBH,volume,biomass and carbon storage between families,the coefficients of variation were 16.4%,23.7%,51.9%,50.0%,32.0% respectively,the variations of basic density and carbon content were relatively small,the coefficients of variation were 8.2% and 3.5%.There were significant or extremely significant differences in tree height,DBH,volume,density,biomass and carbon storage between families,their family heritabilities were 0.708,0.538,0.524,0.382,0.567 and 0.526,carbon content was non significant,tree height,DBH,volume,biomass and carbon storage were strongly controlled by genetic factors,basic density was weakly controlled.There were indistinctively negative correlations in carbon content and height while with the others were indistinctively positive;carbon storage was related distinctively to height,DBH,volume,density and biomass,their genetic correlation coefficients were 0.628,0.959,0.978,0.214 and 0.996;biomass was related distinctively to height,DBH,volume and density;both carbon storage and biomass were related indistinctively to carbon content.The three families Japan 73-8,Japan 73-14 and Japan 73-19 exhibited the highest biomass and carbon storage,under the selection rate of 10%,their genetic gains of biomass and carbon storage were 38.4% and 34.2%,Selected Japan 73-8,Japan 73-14 and Japan 73-19 for superior families,of which the averages of volume,basic density,biomass and carbon storage were respectively 130.8%,4.6%,138.3% and 137.1% higher than control,respectively 49.2%,0.6%,45.8

关 键 词：日本落叶松 自由授粉家系 碳储量 遗传变异 性状相关 家系选择 

分 类 号：S722.31[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S722.303[农业科学—林学]