水稻种子休眠生理特性研究  

Study on Physiological Characteristics of Seed Dormancy in Rice

作　　者：张桂莲[1] 张顺堂[1] 童佳丽[1] 陈立云[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第27期65-69,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"水稻开花受精热胁迫受伤害生理机制研究"(30900874);湖南省科技计划项目"水稻种子休眠性生理及遗传基础研究"(2009FJ2006);湖南省教育厅基金项目"水稻种子休眠性生理及遗传基础研究"(YB2009B023);湖南农业大学人才引进基金项目"水稻种子休眠性生理及遗传基础研究"(07YJ02)

摘　　要：为了探明水稻种子休眠的生理机制,以强休眠品种4628和休眠性差品种996抽穗后30天的种子为材料,对颖壳进行扫描电镜观察和种子透水性、透气性、酶活性、可溶性蛋白质含量、可溶性糖含量、内源激素含量进行测定。结果表明,强休眠品种4628种子的透水性、透气性较差,过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、脱氢酶、淀粉酶活性、可溶性蛋白质含量、可溶性糖含量显著低于休眠性差品种996。强休眠品种4628种子内源激素赤霉素(GA)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、玉米素核苷(ZR)含量低于休眠性差品种996,而脱落酸(ABA)含量则显著高于休眠性差品种996。颖壳扫描电镜显示,强休眠品种4628种子颖壳背面细胞排列紧密,茸毛较少,且孔洞小,萌发孔也比较小,不利于种子透水、透气。Seeds from dormancy cultivar 4628 and none-dormancy cultivar 996,harvested in 30 days after heading,which were used to scan glume structure by scanning electron microscopy and determine seed water absorption,air absorption,enzyme activity,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content and endogenous hormones content.The results showed that the poor water absorption and air absorption were found in dormancy cultivar 4628 seed,the activities of catalase（CAT）,peroxidase（POD）,dehydrogenase and amylase,the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar in dormancy cultivar 4628 seed were significantly lower than those of none-dormancy cultivar 996 seed,the contents of GA,IAA and ZR in dormancy cultivar 4628 seed were lower than those of none-dormancy cultivar 996,while higher than that of none-dormancy cultivar 996 seed in ABA content.Scanning electron microscopy showed the surface cell of glume was unloose arranged with less villus and less hole in dormancy cultivar 4628,hindered water absorption and air absorption.

关 键 词：水稻 种子 休眠性 生理特性 颖壳结构 

分 类 号：S5[农业科学—作物学]