麦套花生花针期适宜土壤含水量的研究  

Research of Optimum Moisture in Flowering and Pegging Phase for Peanut in Relay Cropping with Winter Wheat

作　　者：秦兴国 万勇善[2] 刘风珍[2] 张克禄 郑辉 王坤春 郝炎炎 

机构地区：[1]山东省临淄区农业技术推广中心,山东淄博255400 [2]山东农业大学农学院作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2011年第33期20446-20448,20548,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业科研专项(Nyhyzx07-014);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2006BAD21B04)

摘　　要：[目的]为麦套花生水分管理和高产高效栽培提供依据。[方法]在人工控水条件下,研究麦套花生花针期土壤相对含水量85%、65%、55%、45%处理对不同生育时期光合特性、干物质积累与分配及产量的影响。[结果]在水分处理期间花生叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率以土壤相对含水量65%处理最高4,5%处理最低,与其他处理差异在0.05水平显著。花针期之后土壤相对含水量均恢复至65%,各个处理的净光合速率迅速恢复,处理间接近。复水后10 d,气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度出现超补偿效应,土壤相对含水量和55%处理无显著差异,土壤相对含水量45%处理在0.05水平显著低于其他处理。[结论]从节水栽培的角度考虑,麦套花生花针期保持土壤相对含水量55%较适宜。[Objective] The study aimed to supply basis for moisture management and high yield cultivation.[Method] The pot experiment was designed with four different water application treatments,including 85%,65%,55% and 45% of maximum field capacity.The changes of the photosynthetic characteristics,accumulation and distribution of dry matter and the yield in flowering and pegging phase of peanut of different moisture treatment were researched.[Result] Pn and Gs of the treatment of 65% of maximum field capacity were the highest,but the treatment of 45% of maximum field capacity was significantly lower than that of other treatments.Relative moisture reached 65% of all treatments after flowering and pegging phase,and Pn was rapid closed.Gs and Ci appeared super-compensation effect after rewatered 10 days,and the treatments of 45% and 55% of maximum field capacity were significantly higher than the treatment of 85% and 65% of maximum field capacity.The dry matter,yield of kernel of the treatment of 65% and 55% of maximum field capacity had no significant difference,but that of the treatment of 45% of maximum field capacity was significantly lower than that of other treatments.[Conclusion] As viewed from saving water,the optimum soil moisture content for peanut in relay cropping with winter wheat in flowering and pegging phase was the treatment of 55% of maximum field capacity.

关 键 词：花生 土壤相对含水量 光合速率 干物质 产量 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]