油气勘探新技术与应用研究  

Application Study of New Technology in Petroleum Exploration

作　　者：何文渊 郝美英[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团公司咨询中心,北京100011 [2]中国地质科学院,北京100037

出　　处：《地质学报》2011年第11期1823-1833,共11页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国土资源部"矿产资源循环经济指标体系及规划方法研究";(编号1212010660212)资助的成果

摘　　要：针对油气勘探对象趋于复杂的现实,油气勘探技术在近年也不断发展和完善。石油天然气勘探主要技术包括地震勘探技术、钻井技术、测井技术等。复杂山地地震技术、沙漠地震技术、黄土塬地震技术、高精度三维地震技术的适应对象基本涵盖了中国陆上近期主要石油天然气勘探领域,是中国陆上近年主要应用的地震勘探新技术,其为近年中国陆上油气勘探不断取得新发现发挥了重要的作用。其中复杂山地地震技术为深化认识塔里木盆地库车地区复杂构造带模式,发现大北3、克深2气田,落实迪那气田的储量规模发挥了关键性作用;为提高四川川东高陡构造圈闭的识别精度,实现石炭系、飞仙关鲕滩、长兴生物礁气藏勘探的重大突破发挥了重要作用。沙漠地震技术在塔里木盆地塔中地区和准噶尔盆地克拉美丽地区应用,新资料信噪比明显提高,为塔中油气田和克拉美丽气田储量的落实发挥了重要作用。黄土塬地震技术在鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬的西峰、姬塬、白豹地区的石油勘探和苏里格南部地区的天然气勘探中发挥了重要作用。高精度三维地震技术推动了东部富油凹陷复杂断块、地层岩性油气藏勘探的不断发现。空气钻井技术、欠平衡钻井技术、垂直钻井技术是近年中国陆上油气勘探阶段新兴的钻井技术,在提高探井钻井速度、保护油气层免受或少受污染、及时发现油气、减少复杂事故方面发挥了重要作用,也是未来油气勘探实践中需加大推广力度的钻井新技术。空气钻井技术在四川盆地龙岗地区和川东北地区,通过不断完善和规模应用,钻井速度得到显著提高,钻井周期明显缩短。欠平衡钻井技术在大港千米桥气田,松辽深层徐深气田和长岭气田,四川盆地邛西、广安、潼南的勘探中起到及时发现油气、提高钻井速度的作用。垂直钻井技术在塔里�With the fact that exploration targets are increasingly complex,petroleum exploration techniques has been continuously developed and improved.The techniques consist mainly of seismic exploration technology,drilling technology and well-logging technology.Seismic prospecting techniques in complicated mountainous area,desert and loess plateau,and high-precision 3D seismic acquisition technique have covered China＇s major oil exploration fields in recent years,and these seismic exploration technology has exerted a vital role in discoveries of onshore oil and gas exploration in China.Seismic prospecting in complicated mountainous areas deepens our understanding of the complex structural model of the Kuqa region in Tarim basin,finding Dabei3 and Keshen2 gas fields,and improved trap identification precision in steep structural regions of eastern Sichuan.Thus it facilitates the exploring breakthrough in oil exploration in Carboniferous,Feixianguan oolitic shoal,and Changxing reef reservoirs.Desert seismic prospecting has been widely used in the Tazhong region,Tarim basin and Karamay region,eastern Junggar Basin.The new signal-to-noise ratio data have been improved obviously,which has supported implementation of reserves evaluation for the Tazhong oil and gas field and Karamay gas field.Seismic prospecting in loess plateau also exerts an important role in gas exploration in Xifeng,Jiyuan and Baibao regions of Ordos basin and the southern Sulige gas field.High-precision 3D seismic acquisition technique has driven new discoveries in complex faulting blocks of oid-rich sags and stratigraphic lithological oil and gas reservoirs in eastern China.Air drilling,under-balanced drilling,and vertical drilling are three newly arisen techniques used onshore in China,which has played an important role in improving drilling speed,protecting reservoir formation from pollution,detecting the oil/gas show in time,and reducing complex accidents.Therefore,they are also new techniques which need to be greatly promoted in future exploration.Wi

关 键 词：复杂山地地震技术 沙漠地震技术 黄土塬地震技术 高精度三维地震技术 空气钻井 欠平衡钻井 垂直钻井 裸眼井测井 随钻测井 套管井测井 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]