地球化学勘查新技术应用研究  

Application Research of the New Technologies for Geochemical Survey

作　　者：杨少平[1] 弓秋丽[1] 文志刚[2] 张华[1] 孙忠军[1] 朱立新[3] 周国华[1] 成杭新[1] 王学求[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所,河北廊坊065000 [2]长江大学,湖北荆州434023 [3]中国地质科学院,北京100037

出　　处：《地质学报》2011年第11期1844-1877,共34页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：地质大调查项目"矿产资源循环经济指标体系及规划方法研究"(编号1212010660212)资助的成果

摘　　要：地球化学勘查是资源和环境领域一种十分重要的勘查评价方法技术。最近十年来地球化学勘查新方法新技术研究的重要进展主要表现在以下几个方面:①基本解决了森林沼泽区、干旱半干旱高寒山区、高寒湖沼丘陵区中普遍存在的有机质和?或风成沙对水系沉积物测量的严重干扰问题,确定采样粒级为:森林沼泽区和高寒湖沼丘陵区-10^+60目,干旱半干旱高寒山区-10^+40目或-10^+80目。大大改善了这些地区的地质找矿效果,新找到了以沱沱河多金属矿田为代表的一批有影响的大型—超大型矿床,开创了资源勘查的新局面。②建立了覆盖区多目标区域地球化学调查方法技术体系:以1点?4 km2系统采集地表(20 cm以内)和以1点?16 km2系统采集1.5 m深度土壤样品,测试54种元素和指标。提出了农业、环境和城市地球化学异常查证及评价方法。为建立绿色和特色农牧产品基地、碳循环研究提供出高质量的基础地球化学资料。完成了中国勘查地球化学向环境调查领域的成功转型。③深穿透地球化学理论和方法技术研究获得了一定的进展,发现了纳米尺度金属微粒从深部向地表迁移的线索,初步制定出深穿透地球化学样品的特殊分析测试方法技术。④油气化探方法技术在曲折中发展前进,初步建立起了完整的勘查方法技术体系,在油气勘查工作中得到一定程度的推广应用,取得了一些成功的油气勘查案例。Geochemical survey is one of the most important exploration and evaluation methods in resources and environment field.Some new progresses made in research of new methods of geochemical exploration during past ten years are summarized in following aspects.1）The disturbances of organic material and/or eolian sands over stream sediment survey in forest-swamp,arid or semi-arid high-cold mountain,and high-cold lake-swamp hilly land were preliminarily resolved.Sampling grain sizes defined are：-10~＋60 mesh in forest-swamp areas and high-cold lake-swamp hilly land areas,-10~＋40 or-10~＋80 mesh for sampling in arid or semi-arid high-cold mountain area.This largely improved geological and ore-finding results,discovering the Tuotuohe polymetallic deposit,which can be representative of a series of the large and super-large deposits,and starting a new situation for resources exploration.2）A regional geochemical survey method covering the whole targeting area is established,with sampling densities of 1/4 km2 on ground（within 20 cm） and of 1/16 km2 at depth of 1.5 m.A total of 54 elements and index were analyzed.Thus verification and assessment methods were proposed for agricultural,environmental and urban geochemical anomalies.Meanwhile,in order to set up bases for green and featured farming products,the study of carbon cycle provides some high-quality basic geochemical data,successfully transferring China＇s survey over environment field from geochemical field.3）The theory and method of deep penetration geochemistry achieved some progress： discovery of the nanoscale metal grains migrating from deep crust to ground,and initial working out the special analysis technique for deep penetration geochemistry samples.4）The oil and gas geochemical exploration technique has been deviously developed to establish an integrated exploration method system.This system has been in certain degree used in oil and gas exploration,and provided some successful cases in oil and gas prospecting.

关 键 词：区域化探 新技术 森林沼泽区 干旱半干旱高寒山区 高寒湖沼丘陵区 覆盖区 多目标 深穿透 油气化探 

分 类 号：P632[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]