膜孔灌玉米农田尿素转化和分布特性研究  

Research on Urea Transformation and Distribution Characteristic in Corn Field with Film Hole Irrigation

作　　者：胡浩云[1] 程东娟[1] 高然[1] 刘亮[1] 费良军[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学水电学院,河北邯郸056021 [2]西安理工大学水资源研究所,西安710048

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2011年第12期9-12,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(C2011402042;D2009000827);邯郸市科学技术研究与发展计划(0922101023-2);河北省教育厅自然科学青年基金(20112472011161);国家自然科学基金项目(50179030)

摘　　要：为了研究膜孔灌玉米农田尿素转化和分布特性,在测坑中进行了膜孔灌和畦灌施尿素试验,分析测定了施尿素后不同时间的土壤铵态氮和硝态氮含量。研究表明:膜孔灌尿素转化完全后,土壤中氮素的主要形态为硝态氮,可作为膜孔灌农田氮素水平评价的指标;基施尿素下,土壤中的硝态氮含量逐渐增大,分布范围以施肥点为中心呈大致成半圆形;灌水方式对尿素转化影响很大,膜孔灌促进了尿素的转化,减少了转化过程中的氮素损失,增大了转化完全后土壤硝态氮的含量、分布范围和分布深度。以上研究可以为膜孔灌农田合理施肥和硝态氮对环境影响评价提供依据。In order to study the characteristic of urea transformation and distribution in corn field with film hole irrigation, the content of ammonium nitrogen and nitric nitrogen of different time is determined. The result shows that when the urea has transformed under film hole irrigation, the form of nitrogen is rnainly nitric nitrogen,which can be used as the assessment indicators of field under film hole irrigation. With urea basal dressed,the content of nitric nitrogen increases gradually and the distribution range displays a semicircle with the fertilizer application point being the center. Irrigation methods have great effect on the transformation of urea. The film hole irrigation advances the transformation of urea, decreases the nitrogen loss and increase the content of nitric nitrogen, distribution range and distribution depth. The result provides the proof for reasonable fertilizer application and effect evaluating of nitrogen on environment.

关 键 词：膜孔灌 玉米 尿素转化 分布特性 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]