四川省绵远河水系重金属物源探讨及环境质量评价  

Discussion on the Origin of Heavy Metals and Evaluation of Water Environment Quality in Mianyuan River,Sichuan Province

作　　者：宋昊[1,2] 施泽明[1,2] 倪师军[1,2] 张成江[1,2] 郑林[1] 黄小东[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地球化学系,成都610059 [2]地学核技术四川省重点实验室,成都610059

出　　处：《地球与环境》2011年第4期543-550,共8页Earth and Environment

基　　金：国家环境保护部"汶川特大地震造成矿山破坏对农田土壤污染评估与应对措施";中国地质调查局"成都经济区城市生态地球化学调查与评价"(200314200015)联合资助

摘　　要：本文通过对沱江流域绵远河水系中重金属元素的系统研究,在查明水系中重金属元素含量的空间分布特征的基础上,应用因子分析的方法对重金属元素的来源进行了探讨和解释,综合评价了绵远河流域水系各段重金属污染状况。研究结果显示,绵远河水中元素分析结果符合生活饮用水卫生标准,通过因子分析表明水系中重金属元素主要来源于流域内磷化工工业、磷矿石淋溶风化及农业施肥等方面。通过计算水系各段的主因子得分及综合得分,给出了水系各段污染程度的排序、分级结果并进行了探讨。结果表明,绵远河水系上游城镇受污染程度比较低,而中下游是本次所关注流域中污染程度较高的水系段。水系各段的不同污染程度与下游变缓的地势梯度、沿岸分布密集的磷化工工业、农业生产等因素有关。By systematically studying the water system of the Mianyuan River in Tuojiang Valley,the contents of heavy metals in the water were determined and their distribution characteristics were studied.By using the method of factor analysis,the sources of the heavy metal elements were discussed and illustrated,and then heavy metal pollution conditions in each stream segment of the Mianyuan River were evaluated synthetically.The results showed that the contents of heavy metals comply with the sanitation standard of potable water,and the principal sources of heavy metals in the Mianyuan River are the phosphorous chemical industry,leaching and weathering of phospherate rocks,agricultural fertilizers and so on.By calculating the main factor scores and comprehensive scores,the sorting and classification results of pollution levels in each stream segment were specified and discussed.The results showed that the cities and towns along the upstream of the Mianyuan River are less polluted,while the middle and lower reaches are the stream segment with a high degree of pollution in the valley concerned this time.Different pollution degrees of each stream segment involve a slow terrain gradient of the downstream,the dense phosphorous chemical industry of coast distribution,the phosphatic ferfilizer of the agricultural industry and so on.

关 键 词：水质 环境质量评价 因子分析 重金属 绵远河 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]