刈割留茬高度和不同播种组合对人工草地初级生产力和物种丰富度的影响  

Primary Productivity and Species Abundance of Cultivated Grassland under Different Clipping and Seeding Combinations

作　　者：顾梦鹤[1] 王涛[1] 杜国桢[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学干旱与草地教育部重点试验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2011年第8期1672-1676,共5页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划基金(2009CB421308);中国博士后基金(20100480729)

摘　　要：采用7种播种方式(3种单播和4种混播)和3种刈割留茬高度裂区试验,测定了青藏高原高寒地区人工建植3年的垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)、中华羊茅(Festuca sinensis)和羊茅(Festuca ovina)草地地上生物量、物种丰富度以及杂草生物量,以分析刈割对青藏高原人工草地初级生产力和物种丰富度的影响。结果显示:(1)在草地建植第2年,不刈割与刈割留茬60和20 mm的草地初级生产力均有显著差异;留茬60和20 mm刈割使单播草地的平均初级生产力分别降低20%和27%,使混播草地的平均初级生产力分别降低29%和37%。(2)草地建植第3年,不刈割、留茬60和20 mm 3个处理间的草地生产力均差异极显著;留茬60和20 mm刈割使单播草地的平均生产力分别降低19%和36%,使混播草地的平均生产力分别降低4%和18%。研究表明,刈割显著降低了人工草地的初级生产力,同时显著增加了垂穗披碱草单播草地的物种丰富度和杂草生物量以及3种牧草混播草地物种丰富度,其他播种草地的物种丰富度和杂草生物量与不刈割草地均无显著差异。A field experiment was designed to test the effects of clipping on the primary productivity and species abundance in cultivated meadow and the trial species were Elymus nutans,Festuca sinensis and Festuca ovina,which were distributed widely in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau.The experiment was of seven seeding combinations（three monocultures and four mixtures） and three clipping residual height was designed in spilt-plot.The results showed that clipping had a significant adverse effect on meadow primary productivity.There was a significant effect among unclipping and residual 60 mm and residual 20 mm in the second growing year.Clipping decreased the average target species yield by 20%（60 mm residual） and 27%（20 mm residual） relative to no clipping in monoculture meadow and 29%（60 mm residual） and 37%（20 mm residual） in mixture meadow.Clipping had a significant effect between any two clipping treatments in the third growing year.Clipping decreased the average target species yield by 19%（60 mm residual） and 36%（20 mm residual） relative to no clipping in monoculture meadow and 4%（60 mm residual） and 18%（20 mm residual） in mixture meadow.ANOVA showed that clipping decreased primary productivity of seven cultivated meadows significantly and increased the species abundance and weed biomass of E.nutans monoculture and species abundance of three species mixture significantly.And had no significant effects on the species abundance and weed biomass of other cultivated meadows.

关 键 词：刈割 人工草地 初级生产力 物种丰富度 

分 类 号：Q948.11[生物学—植物学]