施肥对垂穗披碱草根系中丛枝菌根真菌的影响  

Effects of fertilization on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Elymus nutans roots.

作　　者：刘永俊[1,2] 石国玺[2] 毛琳[2] 成岗[2] 蒋胜竞[2] 冯虎元[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学生命科学与工程学院,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学生命科学学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2011年第12期3131-3137,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30870438;40930533);中国科学院冻土工程国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLFSE200901);国家转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项(2009ZX08009-029B);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(2010021111002)资助

摘　　要：采用传统染色与克隆测序的方法,研究了8年不同施肥(氮磷)梯度对垂穗披碱草根系中丛枝菌根(AM)侵染率和AM真菌群落的影响.结果表明:随施肥浓度升高,垂穗披碱草根系单位根长AM总侵染率从67.5%下降至7.3%,丛枝侵染率从5.2%降至0.1%.根系共检测出24个AM真菌分子种,但随着施肥浓度上升,AM真菌的平均物种丰富度从6种下降至2.6种.不同施肥处理对AM真菌群落结构有显著影响,土壤速效磷和根系氮含量与AM真菌群落呈极显著相关.氮磷有效性随施肥梯度逐渐上升,且与AM侵染率和AM真菌物种丰富度呈显著负相关.施高浓度氮磷肥对AM共生体有明显的抑制作用,导致AM真菌物种多样性丧失.By using traditional staining and DNA cloning and sequencing techniques,this paper studied the effects of fertilization on the arbuscular mycorrhizal（AM） colonization and AM fungal community in Elymus nutans roots across an 8-year nitrogen（N） and phosphorus（P） fertilization gradient.With the increasing level of fertilization,the AM colonization and arbuscular colonization per unit root length reduced from 67.5% to 7.3% and from 5.2% to 0.1%,respectively.A total of 24 AM fungal phylotypes were detected in E.nutans roots,whilst the mean AM fungal richness reduced from 6 to 2.6 across the fertilization gradient.Different fertilization had significant effects on the AM fungal community composition,and there existed significant correlations between the AM fungal community composition and the soil available P and root N contents.The availability of N and P increased gradually across the fertilization gradient,and had significant negative correlations with both AM colonization and AM fungal richness.It was suggested that high level fertilization would reduce the activity of AM symbionts,and result in the large loss of AM fungal biodiversity.

关 键 词：菌根真菌 施肥 垂穗披碱草 氮 磷 资源有效性 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学] S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]