植物篱对小麦蚜虫及其天敌种群的影响  

Effects of plant hedgerow on population dynamics of wheat aphid and its natural enemies.

作　　者：石国庆[1] 林超文[2] 刘章勇[3] 李传仁[3] 陈一兵[2] 马涛[3] 王启锋[3] 刘志龙[1] 蔡青年[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,成都610066 [3]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434103

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2011年第12期3265-3271,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2006CB100206)资助

摘　　要：采用坡地种植蓑草、苜蓿、香根草和紫穗槐等植物篱的方法,研究了其对小麦蚜虫及其天敌种群的影响.结果表明:在20°坡度试验区,紫穗槐植物篱显著抑制了麦蚜种群的发生,且麦田拟寄生物的密度等于或显著低于香根草区.在12°坡度试验区,苜蓿和蓑草推迟了麦蚜种群发生的高峰期,蓑草作为植物篱可以显著抑制麦蚜种群数量;苜蓿区麦田拟寄生物密度显著高于对照,瓢虫种群密度等于或显著高于蓑草区.蓑草挥发物对麦长管蚜和禾谷缢管蚜均有驱避作用,而显著引诱猫蛛科1种蜘蛛;苜蓿挥发物对麦长管蚜具有引诱作用;苜蓿和蓑草挥发物对瓢虫的行为反应均无明显影响.紫穗槐和蓑草作为坡地植物篱,不仅能防护水土流失,而且有助于调控害虫及其天敌种群.This paper studied the effects of planting different kinds of plant hedgerow（Amorpha fruticosa,Vetiveria zizanioides,Eulaliopsis binata,and Medicago sativa） on the population dynamics of wheat aphid and its natural enemies in the hillside wheat fields in Ziyang City of Sichuan Province,Southwest China.On the 20° hillside,A.fruticosa hedgerow inhibited the occurrence of wheat aphid in the wheat field significantly,and the parasitoid densities were equal to or significantly lower than those in the wheat field with V.zizanioides hedgerow.On the 12° hillside,M.sativa and E.binata hedgerows delayed the peak time of wheat aphid occurrence,and E.binata hedgerow suppressed the wheat aphid population density significantly.In the wheat field with M.sativa hedgerow,the parasitoid densities were significantly higher than those with no hedgerow.An equal or significantly higher ladybird density was observed in the field with M.sativa hedgerow.The olfactory responses showed that E.binata volatiles had repellent effect on both Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi,but attracted a spider species of oxyopidae.M.sativa volatiles attracted S.avenae,whereas neither M.sativa nor E.binata volatiles caused obvious behavior response of ladybird adults.Therefore,planting A.fruticosa and E.binata as the hedgerows in hillside wheat fields could not only prevent the soil erosion from seasonal rainfall,but also benefit the control of pest insects.

关 键 词：植物篱 植物挥发物 小麦 麦长管蚜 禾谷缢管蚜 天敌 生物多样性 

分 类 号：S435.122[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]