基于量子级联激光器高灵敏快速检测机动车尾气排放气体浓度  

Rapid and Sensitive Measurements of Motor Vehicle Exhausts Using Quantum Cascade Lasers

作　　者：汤媛媛[1] 刘文清[1] 阚瑞峰[1] 张玉钧[1] 张帅[1] 许振宇[1] 阮俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所环境光学与技术重点实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《中国激光》2011年第12期221-226,共6页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家973计划(2010CB234607);中国科学院知识创新重要方向性项目(KGCX2-YW-121-1);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(1001130610)资助课题

摘　　要：机动车尾气中的主要成分一氧化碳(CO)和一氧化氮(NO)不仅污染环境,对人体也有直接危害。由于CO和NO在中红外波段有强吸收谱线,适合采用红外吸收光谱技术进行检测。介绍了一种基于室温脉冲量子级联激光器测量尾气中CO和NO的装置,该装置利用长脉冲量子级联激光器产生的线性啁啾扫描气体分子完整的吸收谱线,测量精度高而且响应速度快,可达到低于1Hz的时间分辨率。对行驶状态下机动车排放的尾气进行了测量,结果显示该系统能够实时快速地测量不同车辆的尾气排放,并得到了不同燃油车型尾气中CO和NO的浓度分布。分析了浓度分布差异产生的原因。The main components of vehicle exhaust as carbon monoxide （CO） and nitric oxide （NO） not only pollute the environment, but also do great harm to human body. Since CO and NO have fundamental absorption in mid- infrared wave band, it is suitable to detect them with infrared absorption spectroscopy. A set of apparatus for the measurement of CO and NO with room-temperature pulsed quantum cascade lasers （QCLs） is introduced. This system utilizes long pulsed QCL which produces a complete scan of molecular absorption lines of gases to satisfy the need for sensitivity and rapid response, with a time resolution beyond 1 Hz. It is employed to measure CO and NO from moving vehicles exhausts. The results show its capability of investigating individual plumes. Different characteristics of CO and NO emissions for gasoline and diesel vehicles are also presented. An explanation to the difference is given.

关 键 词：光谱学 红外吸收光谱 环境监测 量子级联激光器 机动车尾气 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]