湖南晚稻施磷效应及土壤速效磷丰缺指标研究  

P Application Effect of Late Rice and Index of Abundance and Deficiency for Soil Available P in Hunan Province

作　　者：陈煦 鲁艳红[2,3] 廖育林[2,3] 罗尊长[2] 黄铁平[4] 聂军[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省水稻研究所,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,湖南长沙410125 [3]农业部望城水稻土生态环境重点野外观测实验站,湖南长沙410125 [4]湖南省土壤肥料工作站,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2011年第11期38-41,44,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划资助(2008BADA4B08);湖南省农业科学院科技创新项目(2010hnnkycx56)

摘　　要：2005～2010年在湖南省双季稻主产区按湘北、湘中-湘东及湘南3个区域共布置89个磷肥晚稻田间试验,研究了施磷对晚稻产量及经济效应的影响,建立了湖南省晚稻土壤速效磷的丰缺指标。结果表明:晚稻施磷具有一定的增产效果和经济效应,3个地区晚稻施磷平均增产量339～436 kg/hm2,平均增产率为5.03%～7.08%;施磷平均增加利润303.85～562.21元/hm2,平均产投比1.83～3.64;土壤速效磷对施磷增产效应及经济效益有显著影响,施磷增产幅度及经济回报均随土壤速效磷含量的提高而降低。建立的湖南省晚稻土壤速效磷"低"、"中"、"高"丰缺指标分别为"<1.3 mg/kg""、1.3～19.0 mg/kg"和">19.0mg/kg"。89 field trails of phosphate fertilizer （P） application on late rice were conducted in three main double-rice cropping regions （northern Hunan, middle-eastern Hunan and southern Hunan） in Hunan province from 2005 to 2010 to study the effect of P application on yield of late rice and economic profit, meanwhile established index of abundance and deficiency for soil available P in Hunan province. The results showed that P application significantly increased yield of late rice and economic profit in a certain level. After P application, the yield of late rice in the three regions averagely increased by 339-436 kg/hm2 with average increasing rate of 5.03%-7.08%, the economic profit averagely increased by 303.85-562.21 yuan/hm2 and the average ratio of output to input was 1.83~3.64. The soil available P has significant influence on yield increasing effect of P application and economic profit, and there were significantly negative correlations between yield increasing amplitude, economic profit and soil available P. The low, medium and high index for soil available P in Hunan Province were less than 1.3 mg/kg, 1.3-19.0 mg/kg and more than 19.0 mg/kg, respectively.

关 键 词：湖南 晚稻 施磷效应 土壤速效磷 丰缺指标 

分 类 号：S565.406[农业科学—作物学]