乌苏里江秋大麻哈鱼生殖洄游群体结构特征与分析  

Characteristics and Analysis of Colony Structure of Breeding Migratory Salmon in Autumn Wusuli River

作　　者：王继隆[1,2] 唐富江[1,2] 朱翥 潘志强 刘伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]农业部黑龙江流域渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [3]黑龙江省抚远县鲑鱼放流站,黑龙江抚远156500

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2011年第11期120-123,128,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部财政专项物种资源保护项目(2010);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(201107)

摘　　要：2010年10月对乌苏里江大麻哈鱼回归群体捕捞情况进行了持续监测,并对其回归群体数量结构进行分析,结果表明:大麻哈鱼回归数量出现一次大高峰和一次小高峰,回归期可分为两个阶段。经方差分析,两阶段大麻哈鱼的性比、叉长、体质量和年龄无明显差异(p>0.05);大麻哈鱼雌雄个体数比为1.01∶1,平均叉长、体质量分别为60.6 cm和2 309.5 g,雌雄个体分别以3+和2+为优势年龄组。与历史资料相比,叉长、体质量和成熟年龄均有减小的趋势,大麻哈鱼小型化和成熟年龄低龄化现象受到捕捞作业选择性、物种间相互作用和环境因子多种因素的共同影响。A continuous monitoring of breeding migratory colony of sahnon in Oct. 2010 was conducted, and the quantitative structure of the breeding migratory colony of salmon was analyzed. The results indicated that the number of breeding migratory salmon showed a large peak and small peak, and the breeding migratory period can be divided into two stages. The results of variance analysis revealed that the sex ratio, the fork length, the body weight and age of salmon in two periods had no obvious differences （p〉0.05）; the sex ratio, the average fork length and the average body weight were 1.01：1, 60.6 cm and 2 309.5 g, respectively, and the dominance group of female salmon and male salmon was 3＋ and 2＋, respectively. In comparison with historical data, the fork length, the body weight and the mature age have decreasing trend. The phenomena that miniaturization of salmon and tendency of low mature age were together affected by the selectivity of fishing, interaction among species and environmental factors.

关 键 词：乌苏里江 大麻哈鱼 数量结构 生物学特征 

分 类 号：S932[农业科学—渔业资源]