宁夏灵武地区农田排水沟植物物种多样性  

Plant species diversity in agricultural drainage ditches in Lingwu District of Ningxia,Northwest China

作　　者：吴攀[1,2] 陈永乐[1,2] 赵洋[1] 胡宜刚[1] 黄磊[1] 张志山[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠试验研究站,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第12期2790-2796,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07212-004-3-2);国家自然科学基金项目(40971033)资助

摘　　要：为探索宁夏灵武地区农田排水沟植物物种组成和多样性特征,选择24条农田排水沟,分别于2009和2010年8月对植物物种和群落结构进行调查,并对物种多样性特征进行分析。结果表明,排水沟植物由17科36属43种组成,分为以芦苇(Phragmites australis)为主要建群种的6种群落类型和1个沉水植物群落,其中水烛+芦苇(Typha angustifolia+Phragmites australis)群落生物量(平均鲜重达2326.2g·m-2)显著高于其他群落,2010年排水沟植物群落生物量较2009年小;边坡较沟底的物种多样性高,其中Shannon指数、丰富度指数差异达到显著水平,且2009年沟底物种多样性高于2010年。排水沟水文条件、水质和人为干扰可能是影响农田排水沟植物分布、群落组成及多样性特征的主要因素。Agricultural drainage ditch is a component of field boundaries,which has the function of water conveyance and plays an important role in ecosystem services and environmental protection.To study the biodiversity in agricultural drainage ditches is of significance for the operation of field boundaries and the biodiversity protection.In this study,an investigation was conducted on the plant community structure and plant species diversity in twenty-four agricultural ditches in Lingwu District of Ningxia Autonomous Region in August 2009 and 2010.The plants in the ditches were composed of 43 species,belonging to 36 genera and 17 families.There were 7 community types,including 6 types with Phragmites australis as the main established species and 1 type composed of submerged plants,among which,Typha angustifolia ＋ P.australis community had a mean fresh weight of 2326.2 g·m-2,being significantly higher than that of the other communities.The plant community biomass in the drainage ditches was lower in 2010 than in 2009.The species diversity was higher on ditch bank than on ditch bed,with a significant difference in Shannon index and richness index,and was higher in 2009 than in 2010.Hydrological condition,water quality,and human interference could be the main factors affecting the plant distribution,community composition,and species diversity in the agricultural drainage ditches.

关 键 词：农田排水沟 植物物种多样性 群落 灵武 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]