患儿下呼吸道感染的主要病原菌及其药敏分析  

Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens isolated from lower respiratory tract of children with lower respiratory tract infection

作　　者：邱小华[1] 辜红妮[1] 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院附属第二医院检验科,广东515041

出　　处：《国际检验医学杂志》2011年第19期2213-2214,共2页International Journal of Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨患儿下呼吸道感染的致病菌及其药敏试验情况,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法标本经分离培养,用VITER-AMS微生物自动分析仪做鉴定菌种和药敏试验,同时对大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌进行超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)检测。结果在819例患儿痰标本中共分离出病原菌256株,阳性率为31.26%。其中革兰氏阴性杆菌238株,占92.97%,主要为肺炎克雷伯菌(74株)、大肠埃希菌(69株)、鲍曼不动杆菌(58株)等,肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌ESBLs检出率分别为24.5%和48.5%,产ESBLs株呈上升趋势。致病菌对大部分抗生素有较高的耐药性。结论患儿下呼吸道感染病原菌主要以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主,且条件致病菌所致感染有上升趋势,药敏试验呈多重耐药性。临床应根据细菌培养和药敏试验结果合理选用抗生素,为患儿取得最佳的防治效果。Objective To investigate the pathogen distribution and resistance patterns in child patients with lower respiratory tract infection in order to provide references for optimal usage of antibiotics in the treatment. Methods Sputum specimens for bacterial cultures were collected in sterile tubes from 819 child patients. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested after bacteria were identified. Results 256 strains（31.26%） of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,with 238 strains of Gram-negative bacilli,including Klebsiella pneumoniae（74 strains）, Escherichia coli（69 strains）, Acinetobacter baumannii（ 5 g strains） and so on. Detection rate o{ bacte ria,positive with ESBLs producing,in Klibsiella pneumoniae and Escnerehia cull were 24.5% and 48.5% ,respectively,and with an increasing trend. The pathogenic bacteria were highly resistant to most antibiotics. Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli were predominant pathogenic bacteria in child patients with lower respiratory tract infection at this hospital, with an increasing trend of infection caused by conditional pathogenic bacteria and multi-drug resistance. Antibiotics for treatment should be selected based on the drug susceptibility test to avoid drug-resistant strains.

关 键 词：儿童 呼吸道感染 病原菌 微生物敏感性试验 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]