Special Marking of 3D Networks＇ Points for the Monitoring of Modern Constructions  

作　　者：Evangelia Lambrou George Pantazis Konstantinos Nikolitsas 

机构地区：[1]School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Greece

出　　处：《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》2011年第7期643-649,共7页土木工程与建筑（英文版）

摘　　要：In order to monitor the deformations of modern constructions a local 3D network was usually being established at the surrounding area. The centering error, of both the instrument and targets, causes significant uncertainties in the determination of the x, y, z coordinates of the network＇s points. In order to assure precise centering for both the instrument and targets, not only for the accessible but also for the inaccessible network＇s points, a prototype way of marking is being implied. A special semi-permanent portable metallic stand （Photo 1） was manufactured for marking the accessible points. The stand provides forced instrument centering of the order of_＋0, lmm. It is light enough to carry, it accelerates and facilitates the centering and leveling of the instrument as well as it eliminates the time needed for the measurements. The applied laboratory checks in order to certify the suitability of its use and the provided accuracy are being described. For the inaccessible points special targets were used. The targets were put in permanent attachments （Photos 7-8）, which were also manufactured. Useful conclusions were drawn when these special accessories were used in to a 3D network, which was established for the monitoring of a new football stadium. Two measurement phases were carried out. The first one is with the stadium empty and the second one is when it was crowded （about 32000 people） during a significant football match.

关 键 词：Precise centering point marking geodetic control networks monitoring modern constructions. 

分 类 号：TP13[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] TN915.142[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]