2005—2010年日照市的麻疹流行病学特征  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles in Rizhao City during 2005-2010

作　　者：卜洁琼[1] 李桂双 刘贤利 宋艳娟[1] 苗伟[1] 张伟[1] 王茂慈 

机构地区：[1]山东省日照市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,276826 [2]日照市皮肤病与性病医院 [3]日照市东港区城区医院

出　　处：《职业与健康》2011年第23期2734-2735,共2页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析日照市2005—2010年麻疹流行病学特征和预防控制措施,为进一步制定消除麻疹策略及措施提供依据。方法对日照市2005—2010年麻疹发病情况及采取消除麻疹策略和措施进行描述流行病学分析。结果日照市2010年麻疹报告发病率为0.071/10万,初步达到消除麻疹的目标。2005—2010年均以3～6月为麻疹发病高峰;年龄别发病率以15岁以上年龄组最高;麻疹病例主要为无麻疹减毒活疫苗(measles attennuated live vaccine,MV)免疫史或免疫史不详者;共发生麻疹暴发疫情3起,其中2起暴发病例均为输入性病例。结论日照市消除麻疹取得显著进展,高质量的强化免疫(SIA)和查漏补种是减少麻疹发病和阻断麻疹病毒传播的重要手段。应继续保持和巩固高水平儿童基础免疫接种率,加强麻疹疑似病例的监测,做好暴发疫情的预警与控制工作,从而彻底实现消除麻疹的目标。[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and preventive measures of measles in Rizhao City during 2005-2010,and provide evidence for developing strategy and measures to eliminate measles. [Methods]The descriptive epidemiology was applied to analyze the incidence of measles in Rizhao City during 2005-2010 and the adoption of strategy and measures to eliminate measles. [Results]The reported measles incidence was 0.071/100 000 in 2010 which achived the goal of eliminating measles preliminarily.The peak incidence of measles appeared during March to June from 2005 to 2010,children aged ≥ 15 years had the highest incidence.Most measles cases had not immune history or unknown immune history of MV.Three measles outbreaks occurred;measles cases of 2 outbreaks were all imported cases. [Conclusion]Significant progress on measles elimination has been achieved in Rizhao City.High quality SIA and leakage searching with vaccination are the important means to reduce the incidence of measles and block the spread of measles virus.In future,the high level based immune immunization rates among children should be maintained and consolidated continuously.Suspected measles cases surveillance,early warning and control of outbreaks should be conducted so as to achieve the goals of eliminating measles thoroughly.

关 键 词：麻疹 流行病学特征 预防控制措施 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]